Abstract: A security or identification device comprises a membrane laser structure configured to be optically pumped. The membrane laser structure comprises a flexible emission layer comprising a gain material; and one or more structures formed in or associated with the flexible emission layer and configured to provide optical feedback in the emission layer to produce a laser light output having at least one property representing an identifier.

Abstract: A security or identification device comprises a membrane laser structure configured to be optically pumped. The membrane laser structure comprises a flexible emission layer comprising a gain material; and one or more structures formed in or associated with the flexible emission layer and configured to provide optical feedback in the emission layer to produce a laser light output having at least one property representing an identifier.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of operating the same for detecting obstacles includes an antenna having of a single metallic element, a microprocessor, a computer program, a transceiver for transmitting an oscillating digital electronic signal to the antenna and generating a feedback signal of the electronic signal in the antenna, the transmitted electronic signal generating an electromagnetic field around the antenna, the voltage and frequency of the oscillating digital electronic signal being controlled by the microprocessor according to the computer program, obstacles being detected by the transceiver monitoring change in the electronic signal passing through the antenna, and a signaling means outputs a signal upon detection by the transceiver of said change in the electronic signal passing through the antenna.