Abstract: A method including a step of preparing a sampling apparatus for use. The sampling apparatus includes a tubular member having an opening on a distal end thereof. An orientation of the distal end of the tubular member is shapeable. The distal end is substantially rigid so as to maintain a manipulated shape after a direct application of a threshold level of force on the distal end of the tubular member. The tubular member also includes a joint member disposed on a proximal end of the tubular member. The joint member is configured to connect the tubular member to a systemic biomarker sampling device.

Abstract: An apparatus including a tubular channel having a pathway extending between a proximal end and a distal end of the tubular channel. The proximal end is configured to connect directly or indirectly to an end tidal CO2 monitor. The distal end has an opening. The apparatus further includes a detection member including a chamber disposed in fluid communication with the pathway of the tubular channel such that gas entering the tubular channel via the opening on the distal end passes into the chamber. A detection element is disposed within the chamber and includes a component that is sensitive to one or more systemic biomarkers such that, upon exposure to a predetermined concentration level of the one or more systemic biomarkers contained in the gas, a state of the detection element experiences a permanent alteration and the detection member indicates that the predetermined concentration level of the one or more systemic biomarkers is present in the gas.

Abstract: A method including a step of preparing a sampling apparatus for use. The sampling apparatus includes a tubular member having an opening on a distal end thereof. An orientation of the distal end of the tubular member is shapeable. The distal end is substantially rigid so as to maintain a manipulated shape after a direct application of a threshold level of force on the distal end of the tubular member. The tubular member also includes a joint member disposed on a proximal end of the tubular member. The joint member is configured to connect the tubular member to a systemic biomarker sampling device.

Abstract: A tracking system includes a plurality of detectors attached to structural features throughout a facility to detect a tracking element. A data store is configured to store information associated with the tracking element. The information includes user ID information and user-specific authorization privileges that define a level of facility access available to a user with the tracking element. One or more processors are communicatively coupled to the plurality of detectors and the data store to: receive tracking element data from the plurality of detectors, control access of the user within the facility, in response to the tracking element data received via one or more lock mechanisms, and monitor parameters of the system, based on the data received. The parameters includes a number of successful accesses to locations or supplies in the facility, and a duration of time spent in the locations or with the supplies.

Abstract: A method including a step of preparing a sampling apparatus for use. The sampling apparatus includes a tubular member having an opening on a distal end thereof. An orientation of the distal end of the tubular member is shapeable. The distal end is substantially rigid so as to maintain a manipulated shape after a direct application of a threshold level of force on the distal end of the tubular member. The tubular member also includes a joint member disposed on a proximal end of the tubular member. The joint member is configured to connect the tubular member to a systemic biomarker sampling device.

Abstract: An oral procedural apparatus includes a main body, a bite block attached to the main body, and a sampling return line at least partially disposed within the main body. The sampling return line is configured to connect to a systemic biomarker sampling device that samples exhaled breath of a patient.

Abstract: An apparatus including a tubular channel having a pathway extending between a proximal end and a distal end of the tubular channel. The proximal end is configured to connect directly or indirectly to an end tidal CO2 monitor. The distal end has an opening. The apparatus further includes a detection member including a chamber disposed in fluid communication with the pathway of the tubular channel such that gas entering the tubular channel via the opening on the distal end passes into the chamber. A detection element is disposed within the chamber and includes a component that is sensitive to one or more systemic biomarkers such that, upon exposure to a predetermined concentration level of the one or more systemic biomarkers contained in the gas, a state of the detection element experiences a permanent alteration and the detection member indicates that the predetermined concentration level of the one or more systemic biomarkers is present in the gas.

Abstract: A tracking system includes a plurality of detectors attached to structural features throughout a facility to detect a tracking element. A data store is configured to store information associated with the tracking element. The information includes user ID information and user-specific authorization privileges that define a level of facility access available to a user with the tracking element. One or more processors are communicatively coupled to the plurality of detectors and the data store to: receive tracking element data from the plurality of detectors, control access of the user within the facility, in response to the tracking element data received via one or more lock mechanisms, and monitor parameters of the system, based on the data received. The parameters includes a number of successful accesses to locations or supplies in the facility, and a duration of time spent in the locations or with the supplies.

Abstract: An apparatus including a tubular channel having a pathway extending between a proximal end and a distal end of the tubular channel. The proximal end is configured to connect directly or indirectly to an end tidal CO2 monitor. The distal end has an opening. The apparatus further includes a detection member including a chamber disposed in fluid communication with the pathway of the tubular channel such that gas entering the tubular channel via the opening on the distal end passes into the chamber. A detection element is disposed within the chamber and includes a component that is sensitive to one or more systemic biomarkers such that, upon exposure to a predetermined concentration level of the one or more systemic biomarkers contained in the gas, a state of the detection element experiences a permanent alteration and the detection member indicates that the predetermined concentration level of the one or more systemic biomarkers is present in the gas.

Abstract: An apparatus may include a controller that may include one or more processors, and memory storing executable instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, may cause the one or more processors to perform operations. The operations may include receiving key fob data from a reader. The key fob data may include ID information of a user. The operations may further include determining authorization privileges associated with the received ID information of the user, and controlling a lock system of a gas flow valve in response to the determination of the authorization privileges associated with the received ID information of the user.

Abstract: An apparatus may include a controller that may include one or more processors, and memory storing executable instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, may cause the one or more processors to perform operations. The operations may include receiving key fob data from a reader. The key fob data may include ID information of a user. The operations may further include determining authorization privileges associated with the received ID information of the user, and controlling a lock system of a gas flow valve in response to the determination of the authorization privileges associated with the received ID information of the user.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a tubular member having an opening on a distal end thereof. At least a portion of the distal end of the tubular member is shapeable and substantially rigid so as to maintain a manipulated shape after a direct application of a threshold level of force on the portion of the distal end of the tubular member. The force may be applied to alter the shape of the portion of the distal end of the tubular member. The apparatus further includes a joint member disposed on a proximal end of the tubular member. The joint member is configured to connect the tubular member to a systemic biomarker sampling device.

Abstract: A method including a step of preparing a sampling apparatus for use. The sampling apparatus includes a tubular member having an opening on a distal end thereof. An orientation of the distal end of the tubular member is shapeable. The distal end is substantially rigid so as to maintain a manipulated shape after a direct application of a threshold level of force on the distal end of the tubular member. The tubular member also includes a joint member disposed on a proximal end of the tubular member. The joint member is configured to connect the tubular member to a systemic biomarker sampling device.

Abstract: An oral procedural apparatus includes a main body, a bite block attached to the main body, and a sampling return line at least partially disposed within the main body. The sampling return line is configured to connect to a systemic biomarker sampling device that samples exhaled breath of a patient.

Abstract: An apparatus including a tubular channel having a pathway extending between a proximal end and a distal end of the tubular channel. The proximal end is configured to connect directly or indirectly to an end tidal CO2 monitor. The distal end has an opening. The apparatus further includes a detection member including a chamber disposed in fluid communication with the pathway of the tubular channel such that gas entering the tubular channel via the opening on the distal end passes into the chamber. A detection element is disposed within the chamber and includes a component that is sensitive to one or more systemic biomarkers such that, upon exposure to a predetermined concentration level of the one or more systemic biomarkers contained in the gas, a state of the detection element experiences a permanent alteration and the detection member indicates that the predetermined concentration level of the one or more systemic biomarkers is present in the gas.

Abstract: The parking rack is formed of a length of rope wire curved generally into a majority of a circle. The rope wire extends between a first end and a second end. The rope wire is formed of bundles of individual strands of wire with a coating on an outside thereof. The coating is preferably somewhat resilient and at least partially transparent. The ends of the rope wire are fixed to an anchor through a first interface and a second interface. These interfaces are offset laterally so that the rope wire follows somewhat of a helical path to maintain stability while still exhibiting flexibility. Bicycles can thus be parked adjacent to the parking rack and secured thereto with the flexibility characteristics of the parking rack minimizing damage and maximizing convenience in attaching the bicycle to the parking rack.