Abstract: A method and system are disclosed for delivering interactive links for presenting applications and second information at a client computer from remote sources in a network-configured computer processing system. In one embodiment, the method includes retrieving over a first communication connection, in response to a request of a client computer, informational content having computer program code embedded therein, and executing the embedded computer program code for establishing a second communication connection to an application server. The method further includes retrieving over the second communication connection first information including presentational information for presenting the application and the second information.

Abstract: A method and system are disclosed for delivering interactive links for presenting applications and second information at a client computer from remote sources in a network-configured computer processing system. In one embodiment, the method includes retrieving over a first communication connection, in response to a request of a client computer, informational content having computer program code embedded therein, and executing the embedded computer program code for establishing a second communication connection to an application server. The method further includes retrieving over the second communication connection first information including presentational information for presenting the application and the second information.

Abstract: A method for making an efficient light emitting diode (LED) assembly by providing a thermally conductive base having a surface cavity, disposing a reflective paste in the surface cavity, and shaping the reflective paste to form a reflective cavity. The reflective cavity is shaped such that there is a mounting region and at least one reflective side wall at least partially surrounding the mounting region. Once shaped, the reflective paste is fired to set the reflective cavity in its shaped form. Next, one or more LED die may be mounted on the mounting region of the reflective cavity such that the emitted light is reflected by the side walls, thus increasing the light output of the LED assembly.

Abstract: In general, in one aspect, the invention features methods that include forming a roll of a first material into a substrate and forming a plurality of rows of a second material on the substrate, where the second material includes a metal, the rows of the second material extend along a first direction, the rows are spaced apart from one another, and adjacent rows are spaced apart by about 400 nm or less.

Abstract: A radiation polarizer, controller, and a method of radiation polarization and beam control, are disclosed. The radiation polarizer includes a substrate, at least one anti-reflection coating layer communicatively coupled to the substrate, at least two nanostructures communicatively coupled to the at least one anti-reflection coating layer, and at least two groove layers, wherein each one of the at least two groove layers is interstitial to a respective one of the at least two nanostructures.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, an LED packaged for high temperature operation comprises a metal base including an underlying thermal connection pad and a pair of electrical connection pads, an overlying ceramic layer, and a LED die mounted overlying the metal base. The LED is thermally coupled through the metal base to the thermal connection pad, and the electrodes are electrically connected to the underlying electrical connection pads. A low thermal resistance insulating layer can electrically insulate other areas of die from the base while permitting heat passage. Heat flow can be enhanced by thermal vias to the thermal connector pad. Ceramic layers formed overlying the base can add circuitry and assist in distributing emitted light. The novel package can operate at temperatures as high as 250° C.

Abstract: A light emitting diode with improved light collimation comprises a substrate-supported LED die disposed within a transparent dome. A portion of the dome laterally circumscribe the die comprises light reflecting material to reflect emitted light back to the die. A portion of the dome centrally overlying the die is substantially free of light reflecting material to permit exit of light within a desired radiation pattern. The LED die may be packaged for high temperature operation by disposing them on a ceramic-coated metal base which can be coupled to a heat sink. The packaged LED can be made by the low temperature co-fired ceramic-on-metal technique (LTCC-M).

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, an LED packaged for high temperature operation comprises a metal base including an underlying thermal connection pad and a pair of electrical connection pads, an overlying ceramic layer, and a LED die mounted overlying the metal base. The LED is thermally coupled through the metal base to the thermal connection pad, and the electrodes are electrically connected to the underlying electrical connection pads. A low thermal resistance insulating layer can electrically insulate other areas of die from the base while permitting heat passage. Heat flow can be enhanced by thermal vias to the thermal connector pad. Ceramic layers formed overlying the base can add circuitry and assist in distributing emitted light. The novel package can operate at temperatures as high as 250° C.

Abstract: An optical light engine is fabricated by providing a thermally conductive base having one or more mounting pedestals for elevating one or more LED die above the base's surface. The LED die are mounted on the pedestals, electrically connected, and a mold having a molding surface for molding a dome centered around the LED die is disposed on the base over the pedestal-mounted LED die. The encapsulating material is then injected through an input port disposed in the base to mold the dome around the LED die. The encapsulant material is cured and the mold is removed. In an advantageous embodiment, the light engine comprises a ceramic-coated metal base made by the low temperature co-fired ceramic-on-metal process (LTCC-M).

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, an LED packaged for high temperature operation comprises a metal base including an underlying thermal connection pad and a pair of electrical connection pads, an overlying ceramic layer, and a LED die mounted overlying the metal base. The LED is thermally coupled through the metal base to the thermal connection pad, and the electrodes are electrically connected to the underlying electrical connection pads. A low thermal resistance insulating layer can electrically insulate other areas of die from the base while permitting heat passage. Heat flow can be enhanced by thermal vias to the thermal connector pad. Ceramic layers formed overlying the base can add circuitry and assist in distributing emitted light. The novel package can operate at temperatures as high as 250° C.

Abstract: A birefringent device of substantially uniform thickness less than about 10 microns, and being suitable for operating in a wavelength range about a central wavelength is disclosed. The device includes a base substrate, a layer of periodic index regions of alternating refractive indices applied to a first surface of the base substrate, and a cap substrate located substantially adjacent to the layer distal to the base substrate. The layer of periodic index regions has a periodicity of less than the central wavelength. The device being suitable to produce an arbitrary phase retardation between 0 and 2? phase.

Abstract: A packaged LED array for high temperature operation comprises a metal base, the metal base including an underlying thermal connection pad. One or more layers of ceramic overly the metal base. The array includes a plurality of LED die, each LED die having electrodes. And, the LED thermally coupled to the metal base. A driver circuit is electrically connected to the LED die electrodes and controls the LED array current. An LED driver is mounted within the LED array package, and thermally coupled to the metal base. In a second embodiment, one or more of the LED die can be switched from the driver to a measurement circuit and used as a photodetector to measure the light output of the LED array. The measured photodetector signal can further be used as a feedback signal to control the LED array light output.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, thin bodies of plastic, such as sheets or strands, with substantially different thermal coefficients of expansion are laminated together to make plastic bodies which move in response to heat. The movable plastic bodies can be secured to a suitable base to make a variety of devices for amusement, temperature monitoring and display. Applications for amusement include a thermally blooming flower, a solar activated butterfly, and curling hair for a doll. Applications for temperature monitoring include safety lids for drinking cups, sunlight blockers including Venetian blinds, and ventilators.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, an illumination device comprises a substrate having a surface and a cavity in the surface. At least one light emitting diode (“LED”) is mounted within the cavity, and a monolayer comprising phosphor particles overlies the LED. The phosphor monolayer is adhered to the LED by a monolayer of transparent adhesive material. An optional optical thick layer of transparent material overlies the phosphor monolayer to encapsulate the LED and optionally to form a lens. Methods and apparatus for efficiently making the devices are disclosed.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a light emitting diode package assembly is provided to emulate the pattern of light produced by an incandescent filament bulb. The package assembly is composed of a substrate for LEDs comprising a heat-sinking base having a pair of opposing major surfaces. Each major surface has an overlying of thermally conducting ceramic and an outer surface layer of light reflective material. Disposed on each surface layer is a plurality of LEDs. Advantageously, the LEDs are arranged on the surface in a configuration of low mutual obstruction. Advantageously, reflecting elements transverse to each surface layer are positioned and shaped to reflect a substantial portion of the light emitted from the LEDs that would otherwise enter neighboring LEDs. In a preferred embodiment, the LEDs are arranged in the general form of a closed curve, and a transverse reflector is disposed in the interior of the curve. Alternatively, the LEDs can be arranged in a linear array.

Abstract: Films for optical use, articles containing such films, methods for making such films, and systems that utilize such films, are disclosed

Abstract: Films for optical use, articles containing such films, methods for making such films, and systems that utilize such films, are disclosed

Abstract: Films for optical use, articles containing such films, methods for making such films, and systems that utilize such films, are disclosed

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, an LED packaged for high temperature operation comprises a metal base including an underlying thermal connection pad and a pair of electrical connection pads, an overlying ceramic layer, and a LED die mounted overlying the metal base. The LED is thermally coupled through the metal base to the thermal connection pad, and the electrodes are electrically connected to the underlying electrical connection pads. A low thermal resistance insulating layer can electrically insulate other areas of die from the base while permitting heat passage. Heat flow can be enhanced by thermal vias to the thermal connector pad. Ceramic layers formed overlying the base can add circuitry and assist in distributing emitted light. The novel package can operate at temperatures as high as 250° C.

Abstract: Robust, soft, interconvertible articles constructed from soft, resilient members, which articles adopt a substantially different geometry upon an interior to exterior interconversion. The articles of the invention provide a significant visual effect and are useful as educational aids, magician's props, and toys.