Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to fuel-based heating of intake charge in internal combustion engines. In some aspects, a method of operating a compression ignition engine can include combusting a first fuel in an intake flow path to heat a volume of air. The method further includes drawing the heated volume of air into a plurality of cylinders via an intake manifold and combusting a volume of a second fuel in the plurality of cylinders in a mixing-controlled compression ignition mode (MCCI). The second fuel can be the same or different from the first fuel and can include a small-molecule fuel. Heating the volume of air maintains a temperature in the plurality of cylinders greater than a threshold temperature.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to systems and methods of managing intake temperature of intake gases in internal combustion engines to enable autoignition of small-molecule low-cetane fuels. In some aspects, a method of operating a compression ignition engine can include moving a volume of air through a first flow path, closing a first valve to prevent the volume of air from entering a charge air cooler (CAC), opening a second valve to guide the volume of air to a second flow path, the second flow path including a heating unit, and moving the volume of air to an intake manifold. In some embodiments, the method can further include applying heat via the heating unit to the volume of air while the volume of air moves through the second flow path.

Abstract: Magnetic levitation can be used for transportation purposes. In various embodiments, the vehicle utilizing magnetic levitation can be enclosed within a tube or a tunnel or outside of an enclosed environment. Various cross-sections of vehicles and tubes can be utilized. In various embodiments, the vehicles can be used for personal or mass transportation use. The vehicle can travel in at least two directions with a window at each end of the vehicle.

Abstract: Magnetic levitation can be used for transportation purposes. In various embodiments, the vehicle utilizing magnetic levitation can be enclosed within a tube or a tunnel or outside of an enclosed environment. Various cross-sections of vehicles and tubes can be utilized. In various embodiments, the vehicles can be used for personal or mass transportation use. The vehicle can travel in at least two directions with a window at each end of the vehicle.

Abstract: Electromechanical systems using magnetic fields to induce eddy currents and generate lift and thrust are described. A circumferential array of magnet elements which can be employed in the systems are illustrate. when the circumferential array rotates round its axis, it generates a travelling magnetic field moving along its axis. The travelling magnetic field over a conductive substrate induces eddy currents in the conductive substrate, the eddy currents provide an opposing magnetic field to generate magnetic lift and thrust to support and drive the circumferential array.

Abstract: Magnetic levitation can be used for transportation purposes. In various embodiments, the vehicle utilizing magnetic levitation can be enclosed within a tube or a tunnel or outside of an enclosed environment. Various cross-sections of vehicles and tubes can be utilized. In various embodiments, the vehicles can be used for personal or mass transportation use. The vehicle can travel in at least two directions with a window at each end of the vehicle.

Abstract: One embodiment is a method including a unique soot loading metric. The method includes treating exhaust with a soot filter, sensing information including a pressure differential of the soot filter, a temperature of the soot filter, an ambient pressure, an air flow, and a fuel flow, evaluating the information to determine a value, and commanding a regeneration of the soot filter based upon the evaluating. The evaluating the information to determine the value accounts for a first contribution to the pressure differential attributable to laminar flow wall friction and a second contribution to the pressure differential attributable to turbulent flow. Another embodiment is a system including a unique soot loading metric.

Abstract: One embodiment is a method including a unique soot loading metric. Further embodiments, forms, objects, features, advantages, aspects, and benefits shall become apparent from the following description and drawings.

Abstract: A new style trim knife comprising a handle, a head on a first end of said handle and a blade. Components are for securing the blade to the head. A hand of a person can grasp the handle to allow the blade to cut off protrusions and rises left by a molding process on plastic, rubber and any other molded product at a work area. A facility is built into the head for removing by a suction action the loose cutoff protrusions and rises with a vacuum unit. The loose cutoff protrusions and rises will not cause damage to equipment located at the work area.