Abstract: A system architecture for grid electrical energy storage comprising substantial numbers of cells connected in parallel. The lowest level of modularity comprising about eighteen or more individual cells connected in parallel. The disclosed architecture reduces the number of parts, complexity, and variability, while increasing one or more of reliability, service life, and energy capacity of a large-scale grid energy storage system, relative to a conventional multi-parallel string architecture.

Abstract: Systems and methods of providing integrated battery protection for a plurality of series-connected batteries, in which a plurality of controllable switches are used to disconnect or otherwise isolate the respective batteries, substantially simultaneously, from an external circuit in response to certain fault or non-fault battery conditions. When the plurality of controllable switches are synchronously transitioned from a closed or “ON” state to an opened or “OFF” state, the voltages of the respective batteries become distributed among the controllable switches, allowing for the use of switches having a reduced voltage rating as well as a reduced cost. By connecting a balancing resistor across each of a plurality of series-connected battery/switch pairs, a more even distribution of the voltages of the respective batteries among the controllable switches can be achieved, providing the system with more predictable operation.

Abstract: Systems and methods of providing integrated battery protection for a plurality of series-connected batteries, in which a plurality of controllable switches are used to disconnect or otherwise isolate the respective batteries, substantially simultaneously, from an external circuit in response to certain fault or non-fault battery conditions. When the plurality of controllable switches are synchronously transitioned from a closed or “ON” state to an opened or “OFF” state, the voltages of the respective batteries become distributed among the controllable switches, allowing for the use of switches having a reduced voltage rating as well as a reduced cost. By connecting a balancing resistor across each of a plurality of series-connected battery/switch pairs, a more even distribution of the voltages of the respective batteries among the controllable switches can be achieved, providing the system with more predictable operation.

Abstract: An energy delivery system includes at least one string of two or more energy delivery modules electrically coupled in series. Each energy delivery module includes one or more energy delivery devices for storing and delivering electrical current, and a module monitor for monitoring and controlling each of the energy delivery devices. Each string of energy delivery modules includes a string communication path accessible to each of the energy delivery modules, wherein the module monitor of each energy delivery module is operable to communicate information associated with its energy delivery module through the string communication path. Each string also includes a string manager device for communicating with each module monitor in the string, through the string communication path. The energy delivery system also includes a system controller for communicating with each string manager device through a system communication path.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for limiting failure noise and smoke emissions produced as a result of electrical failure conditions and/or failed electronic devices or assemblies of electronic equipment, such as IT and telecommunications equipment. In one aspect, the apparatus includes a conformable pad, a gasket and a clip that are disposed along one or more surfaces or planes of one or more electronic devices or assemblies such that the apparatus helps to form a substantially air tight seal around the one or more devices or assemblies. The air tight seal the apparatus defines minimizes or eliminates failure noise and smoke emissions generated as a result of failure conditions or catastrophic failure of the one or more devices or assemblies. The apparatus thereby provides a non-electronic solution to limiting failure noise and smoke that is relatively inexpensive to manufacture and implement, and enables in-field servicing of its components and the devices or assemblies to which it is applied.

Abstract: An energy delivery system includes at least one string of two or more energy delivery modules electrically coupled in series. Each energy delivery module includes one or more energy delivery devices for storing and delivering electrical current, and a module monitor for monitoring and controlling each of the energy delivery devices. Each string of energy delivery modules includes a string communication path accessible to each of the energy delivery modules, wherein the module monitor of each energy delivery module is operable to communicate information associated with its energy delivery module through the string communication path. Each string also includes a string manager device for communicating with each module monitor in the string, through the string communication path. The energy delivery system also includes a system controller for communicating with each string manager device through a system communication path.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for limiting failure noise and smoke emissions produced as a result of electrical failure conditions and/or failed electronic devices or assemblies of electronic equipment, such as IT and telecommunications equipment. In one aspect, the apparatus includes a conformable pad, a gasket and a clip that are disposed along one or more surfaces or planes of one or more electronic devices or assemblies such that the apparatus helps to form a substantially air tight seal around the one or more devices or assemblies. The air tight seal the apparatus defines minimizes or eliminates failure noise and smoke emissions generated as a result of failure conditions or catastrophic failure of the one or more devices or assemblies. The apparatus thereby provides a non-electronic solution to limiting failure noise and smoke that is relatively inexpensive to manufacture and implement, and enables in-field servicing of its components and the devices or assemblies to which it is applied.