Abstract: A method for locating, in a deposition line including a succession of compartments, an origin of a defect affecting a stack of thin layers deposited on a substrate in the compartments, in which each thin layer is deposited in one or more successive compartments of the deposition line and pieces of debris remaining on the surface of a thin layer deposited in a compartment act as masks for the subsequent depositions of thin layers and are the origin of defects, includes obtaining at least one image showing the defect, determining, from the at least one image, a signature of the defect, the signature containing at least one characteristic representative of the defect, and identifying at least one compartment of the deposition line liable to be the origin of the defect from the signature of the defect and using reference signatures associated with the compartments of the deposition line.

Abstract: A method for locating, in a deposition line including a succession of compartments, an origin of a defect affecting a stack of thin layers deposited on a substrate in the compartments, in which each thin layer is deposited in one or more successive compartments of the deposition line and pieces of debris remaining on the surface of a thin layer deposited in a compartment act as masks for the subsequent depositions of thin layers and are the origin of defects, includes obtaining at least one image showing the defect, determining, from the at least one image, a signature of the defect, the signature containing at least one characteristic representative of the defect, and identifying at least one compartment of the deposition line liable to be the origin of the defect from the signature of the defect and using reference signatures associated with the compartments of the deposition line.

Abstract: A glazing includes a transparent polymer material sheet having a thickness of from 5 to 25 mm and a glass sheet having a thickness of between 0.5 and 1.5 mm, which are bonded to one another by an adhesive interlayer, the hardness of which at a temperature at least equal to ?5° C. is at most equal to 70 Shore A and the thickness of which is a decreasing function of the thickness of the glass sheet, an adhesive interlayer thickness of 2.5 mm being sufficient for a glass sheet thickness of 0.55 mm and an adhesive interlayer thickness of 1.25 mm being sufficient for a glass sheet thickness of 1.25 mm.

Abstract: A glazing includes a transparent polymer material sheet having a thickness of from 5 to 25 mm and a glass sheet having a thickness of between 0.5 and 1.5 mm, which are bonded to one another by an adhesive interlayer, the hardness of which at a temperature at least equal to ?5° C. is at most equal to 70 Shore A and the thickness of which is a decreasing function of the thickness of the glass sheet, an adhesive interlayer thickness of 2.5 mm being sufficient for a glass sheet thickness of 0.55 mm and an adhesive interlayer thickness of 1.25 mm being sufficient for a glass sheet thickness of 1.25 mm.

Abstract: Electrochemical system comprising at least one substrate of organic nature, at least one electronically conductive layer and at least one active species, characterized in that it includes at least one organic layer lying between the electronically conductive layer and the substrate.

Abstract: Electrochemical system comprising at least one substrate of organic nature, at least one electronically conductive layer and at least one active species, characterized in that it includes at least one organic layer lying between the electronically conductive layer and the substrate.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is an element having variable optical properties, comprising: (a) a system having electrically controlled variable light scattering, of the optical-valve or liquid-crystal system type, a suspended-particle system or a holographic or thermotropic system (a?) which is associated with (b) at least one absorbent element, absorbing at least in the visible range. It applies especially to the manufacture of backprojection screens.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrically-controllable device with variable optical/energy reflection or transmission properties. The invention is characterised in that the device is shaped in the form of a self-supporting film, said film being formed from a mixture comprising at least one first element which provides the mixture with an electrochrome functionality and at least one second element which produces an electrolyte functionality for ionic charge transfer within said mixture.

Abstract: Electrically controllable device having variable optical/energy properties in transmission or in reflection, comprising at least one carrier substrate provided with a stack of electrochromic functional layers, including at least two electrochromic active layers, separated by an electrolyte, said stack being placed between two current leads, namely the lower current lead and the upper current lead respectively (“lower” corresponding to the current lead closest to the carrier substrate, as opposed to the “upper” current lead which is furthest from said substrate), characterized in that the electrochromic material constituting the two active layers is identical, and this electrochromic material is chosen from those whose coloration is not a linear function of the charge insertion.

Abstract: Electrically controllable device, in particular electrically controllable system, having variable optical and/or energy properties or electroluminescent device, comprising at least one carrier substrate (1) carrying an electroactive multilayer stack (3) that is placed between an electrode called the “lower” electrode and an electrode called the “upper” electrode, each electrode comprising at least one electrically conducting layer (2) in electrical connection with at least one current bus, characterized in that at least one current bus is in electrical connection with at least one current lead suitable for converting electrical energy into light and distributing it within the electroactive multilayer stack (3).

Abstract: Electrically controllable device having variable optical/energy properties in transmission or in reflection, comprising at least one carrier substrate provided with a stack of electrochromic functional layers, including at least two electrochromic active layers, separated by an electrolyte, said stack being placed between two current leads, namely the lower current lead and the upper current lead respectively (“lower” corresponding to the current lead closest to the carrier substrate, as opposed to the “upper” current lead which is furthest from said substrate), characterized in that the electrochromic material constituting the two active layers is identical, and this electrochromic material is chosen from those whose coloration is not a linear function of the charge insertion.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is an element having variable optical properties, comprising: