Abstract: A moisture sensor unit for sending moisture in an environment includes a passive moisture sensor and two passive RFID tags. The two passive RFID tags are spaced apart from each other and disposed on opposite sides of the moisture sensor. Each of the RFID tags is electrically coupled to the moisture sensor and each of the RFID tags includes a circuit that determines an amount of moisture that is associated with the moisture sensor. Each of the RFID tags is configured to respond to a first radio frequency signal with a second radio frequency signal that includes information about the amount of moisture.

Abstract: Embodiments according to the present invention comprised RFID tags comprised of components disposed on a flexible conformal substrate. The substrate may be substantially transparent or opaque and the components may be comprised of organic electronic components. Components and circuits may be manufactured using thin-film deposition processes or by deposition of metal-containing inks using inkjet technology.

Abstract: A generalized framework is disclosed in which a wide variety of propagation models can be cast in a matrix-based format using arbitrary matrix coefficients (e.g., real numbers, integers, etc.). Casting propagation models in the matrix-based framework enables efficient computer implementation and calculation, ease of tuning, admissibility (i.e., the tuned parameters of a linear matrix model are guaranteed to be the global optimum), and aggregating multiple propagation models into a single matrix-based model. Matrix-based propagation models based on transmitter-receiver azimuth orientation, transmitter antenna height, terrain elevation, and clutter are also disclosed. The propagation models can be used in conjunction with automated data acquisition from information sources such as topographic maps, clutter maps, etc.

Abstract: A method of estimating the location of a wireless terminal that is within a structure is disclosed. In some embodiments, the method can be practiced without the addition of hardware to either the wireless terminal or to base stations of the telecommunications system. In the illustrative embodiment, an indoor radio frequency-signal propagation model is used to correct signal-strength predictions that are obtained from an outdoor radio frequency-signal propagation model. The indoor radio frequency model accounts for a “boundary” loss, which occurs as a radio signal first penetrates a structure (e.g., building, etc.), and/or, optionally, “interior” losses, which are experienced as the radio signal propagates further into the structure. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the model accounts for the effect of building orientation (e.g., the surface of the building, etc.) relative to outdoor transmitters (e.g., base stations, etc.).