Abstract: A patient simulation system for healthcare training is provided. The system includes one or more interchangeable shells comprising a physical anatomical model of at least a portion of a patient's body, the shell adapted to be illuminated from within the shell to provide one or more dynamic images viewable on the outer surface of the shells; wherein the system comprises one or more imaging devices enclosed within the shell and adapted to render the one or more dynamic images on an inner surface of the shell and viewable on the outer surface of the shells; one or more interface devices located about the patient shells to receive input and provide output; and one or more computing units in communication with the image units and interface devices, the computing units adapted to provide an interactive simulation for healthcare training. In other embodiments, the shell is adapted to be illuminated from outside the shell.

Abstract: Methods, systems and devices to provide correction parameters for implanted electrodes by applying a cathode pulse to a bilateral implanted electrode while providing a synchronized anode on the opposite electrode. The electrical field can be “shaped” over space and time to reach more of the targeted area by selecting various combinations of active contacts. The cathode lead directs the electrical field to the target and the placement and number of anode contacts activated determines the electric field path and rate of dissipation based on vertical and horizontal distance and timing. The correction parameter can be applied to anode and cathode contacts on a single implanted lead. Each lead can have plural anode and cathode contacts each independently controllable. Active anodes and cathodes are statically or dynamically selected to generate a shaped electric field to reach the target.

Abstract: A computer implemented method animates a 3D physical object by first acquiring a 3D graphics model of the object. The model is edited with graphics authoring tools to reflect a desired appearance of the object. The edited model is rendered as an image considering a user location and a location of a virtual light. Then, intensity values of the image are corrected according to an orientation of a surface of the object and a radiance at the surface. The 3D physical object can finally be illuminated with the corrected image to give the 3D physical object the desired appearance under the virtual light when viewed from the user location.

Abstract: A computer implemented method registers an image with a 3D physical object by first acquiring a 3D graphics model of an object. Multiple 3D calibration points a surface of the object and corresponding 3D model calibration points in the 3D graphics model are identified. The object is illuminated with a calibration image using a projector at a fixed location. The calibration image is aligned with each of the 3D calibration points on the surface of the 3D physical object to identify corresponding 2D pixels in the calibration image, and then a transformation between the 2D calibration pixels and the corresponding 3D model calibration points is determined to register the projector with the 3D physical object.

Abstract: A computer implemented method cross-fades intensities of a plurality of overlapping images by identifying pixels in a target image that are only produced by a first source image. The weights of all the corresponding pixels in the first source image are set to one. Pixels in a second source images contributing to the target image are similarly identified and set to one. the weight of each remaining pixel in the first and second images is inversely proportional to a distance to a nearest pixel having a weight of one. Then, the first and second source image can be projected to form the target image.

Abstract: A computer implemented method cross-fades intensities of a plurality of overlapping images by identifying pixels in a target image that are only produced by a first source image. The weights of all the corresponding pixels in the first source image are set to one. Pixels in a second source images contributing to the target image are similarly identified and set to one. the weight of each remaining pixel in the first and second images is inversely proportional to a distance to a nearest pixel having a weight of one. Then, the first and second source image can be projected to form the target image.

Abstract: A computer implemented method registers an image with a 3D physical object by first acquiring a 3D graphics model of an object. Multiple 3D calibration points a surface of the object and corresponding 3D model calibration points in the 3D graphics model are identified. The object is illuminated with a calibration image using a projector at a fixed location. The calibration image is aligned with each of the 3D calibration points on the surface of the 3D physical object to identify corresponding 2D pixels in the calibration image, and then a transformation between the 2D calibration pixels and the corresponding 3D model calibration points is determined to register the projector with the 3D physical object.

Abstract: A computer implemented method animates a 3D physical object by first acquiring a 3D graphics model of the object. The model is edited with graphics authoring tools to reflect a desired appearance of the object. The edited model is rendered as an image considering a user location and a location of a virtual light. Then, intensity values of the image are corrected according to an orientation of a surface of the object and a radiance at the surface. The 3D physical object can finally be illuminated with the corrected image to give the 3D physical object the desired appearance under the virtual light when viewed from the user location.