Abstract: A vending machine provides a warning indication that insufficient change may be available if the total amount of available change is less than the value of the highest-denomination monetary unit which is not refundable. An insufficient change indication is also provided in response to inserting a coin or instructing a vending operation which would result in the amount of refundable change being less than the correct amount by a value which is greater than a predetermined, alterable overpay amount.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for securing communications in a currency-handling machine. The method includes generating an encrypted transaction message based on a bill acceptor transaction event, communicating the encrypted transaction message to a transaction controller, decrypting the encrypted transaction message and enabling the bill acceptor to accept bills.

Abstract: Cash handling apparatus comprising a power input and a money transport system for moving items of money in a normal operating mode, with a power control system for detecting a probable reduced supply power level and, in dependence thereon, for selecting a reduced power mode in which the money transport system continues to function for future transactions, whilst the apparatus draws a lower power from the power input.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for securing communications in a currency-handling machine. The method includes generating an encrypted transaction message based on a bill acceptor transaction event, communicating the encrypted transaction message to a transaction controller, decrypting the encrypted transaction message and enabling the bill acceptor to accept bills.

Abstract: A money handling mechanism 110 has a first port P1 for connection to a machine controller 130 and a second port P2 to which further money handling mechanisms can be connected. Different types of mechanism, such as a card acceptor 70 or a bill validator 100, can be connected to the second port P2 over a bus B. The first port P1 may be connected to one of several interface adapters 410 to 416, and the communications protocol used is selected accordingly. If the first port P1 uses the same protocol as the second port P2, signals are passed transparently between the first port P1 and the second port P2. Signals from the additional mechanism may be modified to be recognisable by the controller 130. The money handling mechanism 110 may convert between the denominations of currencies represented in the protocols over the first and second ports P1 and P2.

Abstract: A coin or banknote validator is calibrated to accept items of value by taking successive measurements of items and using them to update acceptability data which defines at least one acceptability criterion for testing. Each measurement is first checked against a suitability criterion, and is only used for updating the acceptability data if the suitability criterion is met. In this way, the acceptability data can be derived without storing all the individual measurements, while still rejecting those measurements which are statistically unsound. The suitability criteria is such that if a measurement differs from the current acceptability data by more than a predetermined amount, the criterion is not met. To avoid problems resulting from the first measurement being unsound, this first measurement is discarded if it does not lie within a predetermined range of the second measurement.

Abstract: A money handling mechanism 110 has a first port P1 for connection to a machine controller 130 and a second port P2 to which further money handling mechanisms can be connected. Different types of mechanism, such as a card acceptor 70 or a bill validator 100, can be connected to the second port P2 over a bus B. The first port P1 may be connected to one of several interface adapters 410 to 416, and the communications protocol used is selected accordingly. If the first port P1 uses the same protocol as the second port P2, signals are passed transparently between the first port P1 and the second port P2. Signals from the additional mechanism may be modified to be recognisable by the controller 130. The money handling mechanism 110 may convert between the denominations of currencies represented in the protocols over the first and second ports P1 and P2.