Abstract: Apparatus and methods for determining a type of a material in a region within a vascular system of a patient and/or a distance to the material are provided. At least one source fiber is provided that supplies light from a light source to a region within a vascular system of a patient. At least one return fiber is provided to receive light reflected from the region within the vascular system. At least one controller is provided to determine at least one property of the region within the vascular system from the reflected light, and to determine a type of a material in the region within the vascular system and/or an indication of a distance to the material. Techniques such as laser ablation may then be performed based on the determined material type and/or distance to remove unwanted buildup, deposits, etc., while avoiding harmful results such as tearing of tissue.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for ablating material in a region within a vascular system of a patient are provided. A determination of at least one of a type of material in the region and an indication of a distance to the material in the region is made based on at least one property of the region determined from light reflected from the region. Light from a light source is transmitted in at least one of a plurality of optical fibers based on the determination, and at least some of the transmitted light is received at a first emitter disposed along a length of a laser catheter proximate a distal end thereof. The first emitter radially transmits the at least some of the light from the length of the laser catheter so that the light impinges upon and ablates the material through an opening in the length of the laser catheter.

Abstract: Embodiments discussed herein enable detection of traction steer using measured and expected values of steering system data, such as, for example and without limitation, motor current, motor torque, motor position, motor velocity, steering wheel angle, and steering column torque. In some embodiments, the measured steering system data is compared to expected signal values, based on vehicle operating conditions, to determine if the vehicle is experiencing a traction steer event. In some embodiments, using known relationships between two or more steering system signals, a traction steer event is identified if an unexpected relationship is determined.

Abstract: Embodiments discussed herein enable detection of traction steer using measured and expected values of steering system data, such as, for example and without limitation, motor current, motor torque, motor position, motor velocity, steering wheel angle, and steering column torque. In some embodiments, the measured steering system data is compared to expected signal values, based on vehicle operating conditions, to determine if the vehicle is experiencing a traction steer event. In some embodiments, using known relationships between two or more steering system signals, a traction steer event is identified if an unexpected relationship is determined.

Abstract: A suspension system for a vehicle is provided. The vehicle comprises a pair of rear wheels and a prop-shaft. A rear drive unit is operably coupled between the prop-shaft and the pair of rear wheels, the rear drive unit being configured to transmit torque from the prop-shaft to the pair of rear wheels. A twist-beam structure is provided having a first trailing arm and a second trailing arm. Each of the trailing arms is operably coupled to one of the pair of rear wheels. The twist-beam structure further comprising a curved beam member extending between the trailing arms, the curved beam member having a center portion disposed offset from the prop-shaft. A Watt linkage includes a first link coupled to the first trailing arm and a second link coupled to the second trailing arm.

Abstract: A suspension system for a vehicle is provided. The vehicle comprises a pair of rear wheels and a prop-shaft. A rear drive unit is operably coupled between the prop-shaft and the pair of rear wheels, the rear drive unit being configured to transmit torque from the prop-shaft to the pair of rear wheels. A twist-beam structure is provided having a first trailing arm and a second trailing arm. Each of the trailing arms is operably coupled to one of the pair of rear wheels. The twist-beam structure further comprising a curved beam member extending between the trailing arms, the curved beam member having a center portion disposed offset from the prop-shaft. A Watt linkage includes a first link coupled to the first trailing arm and a second link coupled to the second trailing arm.

Abstract: A method for characterizing a stiction condition in a manual steering gear includes transmitting a steering input control signal to a rotary actuator, and rotating a steering shaft with constant acceleration, via the rotary actuator, in response to the steering input control signal. A steering output torque is determined while rotating the steering shaft with the constant acceleration, receiving the steering output torque via the controller, and executing a control action when a rate of the received steering output torque exceeds a threshold rate indicative of the stiction condition. A system includes a rotary actuator, a manual steering gear having a steering shaft connected to the rotary actuator, a torque transducer for measuring a steering output torque imparted to the steering shaft by the actuator, and a controller programmed as set forth above.

Abstract: A method for characterizing a stiction condition in a manual steering gear includes transmitting a steering input control signal to a rotary actuator, and rotating a steering shaft with constant acceleration, via the rotary actuator, in response to the steering input control signal. A steering output torque is determined while rotating the steering shaft with the constant acceleration, receiving the steering output torque via the controller, and executing a control action when a rate of the received steering output torque exceeds a threshold rate indicative of the stiction condition. A system includes a rotary actuator, a manual steering gear having a steering shaft connected to the rotary actuator, a torque transducer for measuring a steering output torque imparted to the steering shaft by the actuator, and a controller programmed as set forth above.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for determining a type of a material in a region within a vascular system of a patient and/or a distance to the material are provided. At least one source fiber is provided that supplies light from a light source to a region within a vascular system of a patient. At least one return fiber is provided to receive light reflected from the region within the vascular system. At least one controller is provided to determine at least one property of the region within the vascular system from the reflected light, and to determine a type of a material in the region within the vascular system and/or an indication of a distance to the material. Techniques such as laser ablation may then be performed based on the determined material type and/or distance to remove unwanted buildup, deposits, etc., while avoiding harmful results such as tearing of tissue.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for ablating material in a region within a vascular system of a patient are provided. A determination of at least one of a type of material in the region and an indication of a distance to the material in the region is made based on at least one property of the region determined from light reflected from the region. Light from a light source is transmitted in at least one of a plurality of optical fibers based on the determination, and at least some of the transmitted light is received at a first emitter disposed along a length of a laser catheter proximate a distal end thereof. The first emitter radially transmits the at least some of the light from the length of the laser catheter so that the light impinges upon and ablates the material through an opening in the length of the laser catheter.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product for detecting and compensating for a traction steer event is provided. A first wheel speed of a first driven wheel is compared with a second wheel speed of a second driven wheel to determine whether a wheel slip condition has occurred. If a wheel slip condition is determined to have occurred, a current operating state of a vehicle is compared to an expected operating state of the vehicle to determine if a traction steer event has occurred. If a traction steer event is determined to have occurred, brake pressure is selectively applied to the first or second driven wheel to compensate for the traction steer event.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product for detecting and compensating for a traction steer event is provided. A first wheel speed of a first driven wheel is compared with a second wheel speed of a second driven wheel to determine whether a wheel slip condition has occurred. If a wheel slip condition is determined to have occurred, a current operating state of a vehicle is compared to an expected operating state of the vehicle to determine if a traction steer event has occurred. If a traction steer event is determined to have occurred, brake pressure is selectively applied to the first or second driven wheel to compensate for the traction steer event.

Abstract: An anchorage assembly (100) is interconnected between a support structure (90) and a safety line (160, 161). The anchorage assembly (100) routes the safety line (160, 161) about a corner and accommodates passage of a slotted coupling device movably mounted on the safety line (160, 161).

Abstract: An anchorage assembly (100) is interconnected between a support structure (90) and a safety line (160, 161). The anchorage assembly (100) routes the safety line (160, 161) about a corner and accommodates passage of a slotted coupling device movably mounted on the safety line (160, 161).

Abstract: An anchorage assembly (100) is interconnected between a support structure (90) and a safety line (160, 161). The anchorage assembly (100) routes the safety line (160, 161) about a corner and accommodates passage of a slotted coupling device movably mounted on the safety line (160, 161).

Abstract: An anchorage assembly (100) is interconnected between a support structure (90) and a safety line (160, 161). The anchorage assembly (100) routes the safety line (160, 161) about a comer and accommodates passage of a slotted coupling device movably mounted on the safety line (160, 161).

Abstract: An anchorage assembly (100) is interconnected between a support structure (90) and a safety line (160, 161). The anchorage assembly (100) routes the safety line (160, 161) about a corner and accommodates passage of a slotted coupling device movably mounted on the safety line (160, 161).

Abstract: An anchorage assembly (100) is interconnected between a support structure (90) and a safety line (160, 161). The anchorage assembly (100) routes the safety line (160, 161) about a corner and accommodates passage of a slotted coupling device movably mounted on the safety line (160, 161).

Abstract: A seat 100 is used with a device 10 for transferring stress from the lumbar spine to the rib cage of a person. The device 10 includes torso embracing members 29 and 30 and a seat 100 supported by the device 10. The seat includes a fluid tight chamber 106 and a fluid control device for controlling flow of fluid into and out of the chamber 106. The chamber has a first height when filled with fluid and a second, lesser height when fluid has been removed from the chamber.