Abstract: A patterned conductive article includes a substrate having a first groove therein; a conductive seed layer disposed in the first groove; and a unitary conductive body disposed at least partially in the first groove. The conductive seed layer covers at least a majority of a bottom surface of the first groove, and the unitary conductive body covers the conductive seed layer and at least a majority of side surfaces of the first groove. In a plane through the unitary conductive body that is parallel to and separate from the conductive seed layer, the unitary conductive body has a lower first line edge roughness at a first interface with the side surfaces and the conductive seed layer has a higher second line edge roughness at an edge of the conductive seed layer.

Abstract: A patterned article includes a unitary polymeric layer and a plurality of electrically conductive elements embedded at least partially in the unitary polymeric layer. Each electrically conductive element includes a conductive seed layer having a top major surface and an opposite bottom major surface in direct contact with the unitary polymeric layer, and includes a metallic body disposed on the top major surface of the conductive seed layer. The metallic body has a bottom major surface and at least one sidewall. The bottom major surface contacts the conductive seed layer. Each sidewall is in direct contact with the unitary polymeric layer and extends from the bottom major surface of the metallic body toward or to, but not past, a top major surface of the unitary polymeric layer. The conductive elements may be electrically isolated from one another. Processes for making the patterned article are described.

Abstract: A patterned article includes a unitary polymeric layer and a plurality of electrically conductive elements embedded at least partially in the unitary polymeric layer. Each electrically conductive element includes a conductive seed layer having a top major surface and an opposite bottom major surface in direct contact with the unitary polymeric layer, and includes a metallic body disposed on the top major surface of the conductive seed layer. The metallic body has a bottom major surface and at least one sidewall. The bottom major surface contacts the conductive seed layer. Each sidewall is in direct contact with the unitary polymeric layer and extends from the bottom major surface of the metallic body toward or to, but not past, a top major surface of the unitary polymeric layer. The conductive elements may be electrically isolated from one another. Processes for making the patterned article are described.

Abstract: A patterned conductive article includes a substrate having a first groove therein; a conductive seed layer disposed in the first groove; and a unitary conductive body disposed at least partially in the first groove. The conductive seed layer covers at least a majority of a bottom surface of the first groove, and the unitary conductive body covers the conductive seed layer and at least a majority of side surfaces of the first groove. In a plane through the unitary conductive body that is parallel to and separate from the conductive seed layer, the unitary conductive body has a lower first line edge roughness at a first interface with the side surfaces and the conductive seed layer has a higher second line edge roughness at an edge of the conductive seed layer.

Abstract: A patterned conductive article 200 includes a substrate 210 including a unitary layer 210-1 and includes a micropattern of conductive traces 220 embedded at least partially in the unitary layer. Each conductive trace extends along a longitudinal direction (y-direction) of the conductive trace and includes a conductive seed layer 230 having a top major surface 232 and an opposite bottom major surface 234 in direct contact with the unitary layer; and a unitary conductive body 240 disposed on the top major surface of the conductive seed layer. The unitary conductive body and the conductive seed layer differ in at least one of composition or crystal morphology. The unitary conductive body has lateral sidewalls 242, 244 and at least a majority of a total area of the lateral sidewalls is in direct contact with the unitary layer.

Abstract: A patterned article includes a unitary polymeric layer and a plurality of electrically conductive elements embedded at least partially in the unitary polymeric layer. Each electrically conductive element includes a conductive seed layer having a top major surface and an opposite bottom major surface in direct contact with the unitary polymeric layer, and includes a metallic body disposed on the top major surface of the conductive seed layer. The metallic body has a bottom major surface and at least one sidewall. The bottom major surface contacts the conductive seed layer. Each sidewall is in direct contact with the unitary polymeric layer and extends from the bottom major surface of the metallic body toward or to, but not past, a top major surface of the unitary polymeric layer. The conductive elements may be electrically isolated from one another. Processes for making the patterned article are described.

Abstract: A patterned conductive article 200 includes a substrate 210 including a unitary layer 210-1 and includes a micropattern of conductive traces 220 embedded at least partially in the unitary layer. Each conductive trace extends along a longitudinal direction (y-direction) of the conductive trace and includes a conductive seed layer 230 having a top major surface 232 and an opposite bottom major surface 234 in direct contact with the unitary layer; and a unitary conductive body 240 disposed on the top major surface of the conductive seed layer. The unitary conductive body and the conductive seed layer differ in at least one of composition or crystal morphology. The unitary conductive body has lateral sidewalls 242, 244 and at least a majority of a total area of the lateral sidewalls is in direct contact with the unitary layer.

Abstract: An optically transparent antenna stack includes at least two stacked optically transparent antennas. Each antenna includes an electrically conductive metal mesh including a plurality of interconnected electrically conductive metal traces defining a plurality of enclosed open areas. The metal mesh of each antenna and each lead has a percent open area greater than about 50%. The at least two stacked optically transparent antennas includes a first antenna configured to operate over a first, but not a second, frequency band and a second antenna configured to operate over the second, but not the first, frequency band. The optically transparent antenna stack has an optical transmission of at least about 50% for at least one wavelength in a wavelength range from about 450 nm to about 600 nm.

Abstract: An optically transparent antenna stack includes at least two stacked optically transparent antennas. Each antenna includes an electrically conductive metal mesh including a plurality of interconnected electrically conductive metal traces defining a plurality of enclosed open areas. The metal mesh of each antenna and each lead has a percent open area greater than about 50%. The at least two stacked optically transparent antennas includes a first antenna configured to operate over a first, but not a second, frequency band and a second antenna configured to operate over the second, but not the first, frequency band. The optically transparent antenna stack has an optical transmission of at least about 50% for at least one wavelength in a wavelength range from about 450 nm to about 600 nm.

Abstract: An optically transparent antenna stack includes at least two stacked optically transparent antennas. Each antenna includes an electrically conductive metal mesh including a plurality of interconnected electrically conductive metal traces defining a plurality of enclosed open areas. The metal mesh of each antenna and each lead has a percent open area greater than about 50%. The at least two stacked optically transparent antennas includes a first antenna configured to operate over a first, but not a second, frequency band and a second antenna configured to operate over the second, but not the first, frequency band. The optically transparent antenna stack has an optical transmission of at least about 50% for at least one wavelength in a wavelength range from about 450 nm to about 600 nm.

Abstract: An optically transparent antenna stack includes at least two stacked optically transparent antennas. Each antenna includes an electrically conductive metal mesh including a plurality of interconnected electrically conductive metal traces defining a plurality of enclosed open areas. The metal mesh of each antenna and each lead has a percent open area greater than about 50%. The at least two stacked optically transparent antennas includes a first antenna configured to operate over a first, but not a second, frequency band and a second antenna configured to operate over the second, but not the first, frequency band. The optically transparent antenna stack has an optical transmission of at least about 50% for at least one wavelength in a wavelength range from about 450 nm to about 600 nm.