Abstract: A method includes performing operations as follows by a processor; determining a location of an entity within a simulated turbulence, determining induced angles imposed on the entity, wherein determining the induced angles includes mapping velocity vectors of the simulated turbulence onto the entity, determining total angles imposed on the entity, wherein determining the total angles includes adding the mean angles imposed on the entity in an absence of the simulated turbulence to the induced angles, determining a total loading imposed on the entity based on the total angles imposed on the entity, and determining an incremental loading imposed on the entity, wherein determining the incremental loading includes subtracting a mean loading imposed on the entity in the absence of simulated turbulence from the total loading.

Abstract: A method for transporting a cargo load using a carrier aircraft includes: mounting a shield on the cargo load such that the shield is supported by the cargo load to form a protected load; and aerial transporting the protected load as a slung load from the carrier aircraft, wherein the shield serves to protect the cargo load from aerodynamic loads generated by flight of the carrier aircraft.

Abstract: A method for transporting a cargo load using a carrier aircraft includes: mounting a shield on the cargo load such that the shield is supported by the cargo load to form a protected load; and aerial transporting the protected load as a slung load from the carrier aircraft, wherein the shield serves to protect the cargo load from aerodynamic loads generated by flight of the carrier aircraft.

Abstract: A dispensing carton includes a dispensing opening suitable for dispensing relatively thin articles, and a viewing feature for determining the number of articles remaining in the carton.

Abstract: A carton accommodates stacked. articles. The carton has a pivoting dispenser that allows the articles to be dispensed from the front of the carton. The bottom panel can be erected using relatively simple folding operations.

Abstract: An upper end of a carton includes first and second panels that are in an overlapping relationship with respect to one another. The first panel includes an opening for being in communication with the carton's interior. A flexible, elongate closure tab extends through a slot so that the closure tab is interposed between the first and second panels. The closure tab can be slid between the first and second panels, between open and closed configurations. In the closed configuration, the closure tab at least substantially obstructs the opening. In the open configuration, the opening is not substantially obstructed by the closure tab. A projection is engaged by the closure tab for discouraging the closure tab from being completely pulled out of the slot during the open configuration.