Abstract: A system and a method are provided for performing an integrated uncertainty analysis on a system having interacting modules. The interaction of the modules includes data transfer between the modules with the output of one module being indicative of the input of another module. An uncertainty analysis is performed on each module based on given probability density functions of each input to the module. The uncertainty analysis may include developing a deterministically equivalent model for one or more modules. Data may be provided from one module to another in a uniform format. Thus, two or more modules may be integrated with uncertainties in the inputs of one module being effectively propagated to the inputs of another module. A plurality of modules may thus be modeled as a single integrated system. The integrated system may be replaced with a deterministically equivalent model, preferably of a further reduced order. In this manner, key uncertainties in particular inputs may be isolated.

Abstract: The disclosed systems and methods are directed to exchange of uncertainty information between interacting modules. Variances in the outputs of one module may be required as uncertainties in the inputs of another module. The disclosed systems and methods allow for simple and efficient communication of the uncertainty information between any modules. In one aspect, a system of integrated modules includes one or more application modules and at least one interface module. The application modules are adapted to receive inputs and/or generate outputs, including uncertainty distribution information. The interface modules are adapted to communicate with one or more application modules and to translate uncertainty information between a predetermined uniform format and an application-specific format. In one embodiment, an extensible markup language (XML) format is used for the predetermined uniform format.

Abstract: A combination hand tool for carpenters, including a housing formed of first and second triangular rafter square plates, a side, a base, and a hypotenuse. A tape measure is captured between the rafter square plates and has an extendable/retractable tape with a hook disposed in a side of the housing. At least one level bubble is positioned in the housing and may be viewed through at least one of the rafter square plates.