Abstract: A system for supporting a notification capability for a plurality of applications utilizing a next generation network having a network layer includes an application services middleware between the applications and the network layer comprising a plurality of common infrastructure elements usable by the applications. The common infrastructure elements provide both services associated with use of the network and services that are not associated with use of the network. The plurality of common infrastructure elements includes a notification service that is configured to facilitate the sending of messages from authorized services to recipients.

Abstract: An exemplary negative impedance converting circuit for functioning as a voltage buffer and/or negating the impedance of a connected load. The negative impedance converting circuit includes inputs, outputs, a first transconductance stage and a second transconductance stage. The transconductance gain value of the first transconductance stage is greater than a transconductance gain value of the second transconductance stage. Exemplary embodiments of a reference voltage buffer using the negative impedance converting circuit are also described.

Abstract: An exemplary negative impedance converting circuit for functioning as a voltage buffer and/or negating the impedance of a connected load. The negative impedance converting circuit includes inputs, outputs, a first transconductance stage and a second transconductance stage. The transconductance gain value of the first transconductance stage is greater than a transconductance gain value of the second transconductance stage. Exemplary embodiments of a reference voltage buffer using the negative impedance converting circuit are also described.

Abstract: Support of a plurality of different applications utilizing a next generation network having a network layer is provided by an application services middle layer between the applications and the network layer that includes a plurality of common infrastructure elements usable by the different applications. The common infrastructure elements provide services associated with use of the network and services that are not associated with use of the network. The common infrastructure elements may provide a common infrastructure element to an end user such that use of the service by the end user is accessible to each of the different applications utilizing the at least one common infrastructure element. A common infrastructure element may be accessible by an end user so as to provide a common infrastructure element to the end user for the different applications. The different applications may include both third party applications and network service provider applications.

Abstract: A system for supporting a notification capability for a plurality of applications utilizing a next generation network having a network layer includes an application services middleware between the applications and the network layer comprising a plurality of common infrastructure elements usable by the applications. The common infrastructure elements provide both services associated with use of the network and services that are not associated with use of the network. The plurality of common infrastructure elements includes a notification service that is configured to facilitate the sending of messages from authorized services to recipients.

Abstract: A system for supporting a plurality of different applications utilizing a next generation network having a network layer includes an application services middleware between the applications and the network layer that includes a plurality of common infrastructure elements usable by the different applications. The common infrastructure elements provide both services associated with use of the network and services that are not associated with use of the network. At least one of the common infrastructure elements is an Internet Protocol (IP) Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) element.

Abstract: Support of a plurality of different applications utilizing a next generation network having a network layer is provided by an application services middle layer between the applications and the network layer that includes a plurality of common infrastructure elements usable by the different applications. The common infrastructure elements provide services associated with use of the network and services that are not associated with use of the network. The common infrastructure elements may provide a common infrastructure element to an end user such that use of the service by the end user is accessible to each of the different applications utilizing the at least one common infrastructure element. A common infrastructure element may be accessible by an end user so as to provide a common infrastructure element to the end user for the different applications. The different applications may include both third party applications and network service provider applications.

Abstract: Systems and methods provide integrated wireless and wired data voice and data services via a dual mode telecommunications device. A dual mode telephone operates as a digital cordless handset of a wired data network in a structure equipped with one or more wireless access points to allow voice over Internet protocol communication via the wired data network. The dual mode telecommunications device also operates as a conventional mobile wireless telephone via a licensed spectrum wireless network when the telephone is moved outside the range of a wireless access point of the user's home or business or other venue.

Abstract: A tactile generator comprises an eccentric mass that imparts a vibration as it rotates about a rotational axis. The mass is radially movable with respect to the rotational axis such that the distance between the mass and the axis is variable. Varying the distance of the mass from the axis varies the amount of vibration generated when the mass is rotated. The amount of vibration may be controlled responsive to a detected level of ambient noise.

Abstract: A process for treating waste comprising the steps of (i) adding a first innoculum comprising sulfide-utilizing bacteria to a sulfide-rich organic waste to produce a lowered-sulfide waste, (ii) adding a second innoculum comprising organic digesting bacteria to the lowered-sulfide waste to produce a digested waste, and (iii) adding to the digested waste at least one of (a) a third innoculum comprising bacteria capable of converting a nitrogen-containing compound to N2 to produce a lowered nitrogen waste, and (b) a fourth innoculum comprising phosphorous absorbing bacteria to produce a phosphorous enriched bacteria fraction and a phosphorous depleted waste fraction.