Abstract: Systems and methods of measuring residual stress are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of measuring residual stress in a material under test includes directing radiation onto a stressed material and detecting the resulting diffraction peaks to measure known residual stress of a control specimen, inducing and sensing magnetoelastic interactions onto the control specimen, developing an empirical database of the diffraction and magnetoelastic interaction measurements of the control specimen, inducing and measuring magnetoelastic interactions on a material under test, and correlating the empirical database to the magnetoelastic interaction outputs from the material under test.