Abstract: An encoder generates a compressed data sequence from an original data sequence using many-to-one mapping independently of a source model associated with the original data sequence and without extracting the source model. A decoder uses both the source model associated with the original data sequence and the mapping applied during compression that is devoid of, in substance, the source model, to regenerate, at least in part, the original uncompressed data sequence from the compressed data sequence that does not include a significant portion of the source model.

Abstract: An encoder generates a compressed data sequence from an original data sequence using many-to-one mapping independently of a source model associated with the original data sequence and without extracting the source model. A decoder uses both the source model associated with the original data sequence and the mapping applied during compression that is devoid of, in substance, the source model, to regenerate, at least in part, the original uncompressed data sequence from the compressed data sequence that does not include a significant portion of the source model.

Abstract: A powerful new class of methods for encoding digital data for reliable transmission over unreliable communication channels is described. With this method, the message bits are divided into multiple submessages and the bits in each layer are encoded using a standard error correction code to provide a plurality of subcodewords. A first linear transformation is applied to each of the subcodewords. The so-transformed subcodewords from the different submessages are then combined to form a first redundancy block to be transmitted. Additional redundancy blocks are generated by repeating this process on the same message but with jointly related nonidentical sets of linear transformations. The result is a set of codewords for each message which are then used to generate a transmitted waveform in one of several different ways, depending upon the application.

Abstract: A powerful new class of methods for encoding digital data for reliable transmission over unreliable communication channels is described. With this method, the message bits are divided into multiple submessages and the bits in each layer are encoded using a standard error correction code to provide a plurality of subcodewords. A first linear transformation is applied to each of the subcodewords. The so-transformed subcodewords from the different submessages are then combined to form a first redundancy block to be transmitted. Additional redundancy blocks are generated by repeating this process on the same message but with jointly related nonidentical sets of linear transformations. The result is a set of codewords for each message which are then used to generate a transmitted waveform in one of several different ways, depending upon the application.

Abstract: Described are techniques for performing lossy encoding. Source data and quality data are received by an encoder. The encoder maps the source data into a compressed representation having a level of distortion in accordance with the quality information. The compressed representation may be decoded without using the quality information.

Abstract: A block-iterative equalizer is adapted for use in contemporary digital communication system receivers. In a preferred embodiment, data received over a communication channel is processed by a linear feed-forward filter and the resulting filtered signal is provided to a slicer which makes a first set of tentative symbol decisions. During later iterations, the same received data is processed by the linear feed-forward filter, the feed-forward filter parameters being modified at each iteration based on the received data and the tentative decisions are themselves filtered by a second, “feed-back” filter and used to improve the tentative decisions.

Abstract: Communication over lossy packet networks such as the Internet is hampered by limited bandwidth and packet loss. The present invention provides a path diversity transmission system for improving the quality of communication over a lossy packet network. The path diversity transmission system explicitly sends different subsets of packets over different paths, thereby enabling the end-to-end application to effectively see an average path behavior. Generally, seeing this average path behavior provides better performance than seeing the behavior of any individual random path. For example, the probability that all of the multiple paths are simultaneously congested is much less than the probability that a single path is congested. The resulting path diversity can provide a number of benefits, including enabling real-time multimedia communication and simplifying system design (e.g., error correction system design). Two exemplary architectures for achieving path diversity are described herein.

Abstract: A compression and transmission method and system for use to communicate information from a first device to a second device in a network of devices. First, the first device receives information to be communicated to the second device. Second, the first device compresses the information to be communicated by employing prior information of the first device and prior information of the second device. The compressed information is then transmitted to the second device.

Abstract: A compression and transmission method and system for use to communicate information from a first device to a second device in a network of devices. First, the first device receives information to be communicated to the second device. Second, the first device compresses the information to be communicated by employing prior information of the first device and prior information of the second device. The compressed information is then transmitted to the second device.

Abstract: Communication over lossy packet networks such as the Internet is hampered by limited bandwidth and packet loss. The present invention provides a path diversity transmission system for improving the quality of communication over a lossy packet network. The path diversity transmission system explicitly sends different subsets of packets over different paths, thereby enabling the end-to-end application to effectively see an average path behavior. Generally, seeing this average path behavior provides better performance than seeing the behavior of any individual random path. For example, the probability that all of the multiple paths are simultaneously congested is much less than the probability that a single path is congested. The resulting path diversity can provide a number of benefits, including enabling real-time multimedia communication and simplifying system design (e.g., error correction system design). Two exemplary architectures for achieving path diversity are described herein.

Abstract: A system, method, and product provide distortion compensation when watermarking a host signal with a watemark signal. The watermark signal includes watermark-signal components having watermark-signal values, and the host signal includes host-signal components having host-signal values. A system includes an ensemble designator that designates a plurality of embedding generators, each corresponding to a single watermark-signal value of a co-processed group of one or more watermark-signal components. Also included is an embedding value generator that generates embedding values by each embedding generator. The system also has a point coder that sets at least one host-signal value of one or more selected host-signal components to a first embedding value to form a composite-signal value. A distortion compensator modifies at least one composite signal value.

Abstract: A system, method, and product are provided to (1) embed a watermark signal into a host signal, thereby generating a composite signal, (2) optionally enable the composite signal to be transmitted over a communication channel, and (3) optionally extract the watermark signal from the transmitted composite signal. In one embodiment, the invention is a method for watermarking a host signal with a watermark signal. The watermark signal is made up of watermark-signal components, each having one of two or more watermark-signal values. The host signal is made up of host-signal components, each having one of two or more host-signal values.

Abstract: A system, method, and product are provided to (1) embed a watermark signal into a host signal, thereby generating a composite signal, (2) optionally enable the composite signal to be transmitted over a communication channel, and (3) optionally extract the watermark signal from the transmitted composite signal. In one embodiment, the invention is a method for watermarking a host signal with a watermark signal. The watermark signal is made up of watermark-signal components, each having one of two or more watermark-signal values. The host signal is made up of host-signal components, each having one of two or more host-signal values.

Abstract: A system, method, and product are provided to (1) embed a watermark signal into a host signal, thereby generating a composite signal, (2) optionally enable the composite signal to be transmitted over a communication channel, and (3) optionally extract the watermark signal from the transmitted composite signal. In one embodiment, the invention is a method for watermarking a host signal with a watermark signal. The watermark signal is made up of watermark-signal components, each having one of two or more watermark-signal values. The host signal is made up of host-signal components, each having one of two or more host-signal values.

Abstract: A system, method, and product are provided to (1) pre-process one or more primary signals to generate a transformed host-signal and/or a transformed watermark-signal; (2) embed one or more watermarked signals and/or transformed watermark signals into a host signal and/or the transformed host signal, thereby generating a composite signal, (2) optionally enable the composite signal to be transmitted over a communication channel, and (3) optionally extract the watermark signal from the transmitted composite signal. An embedding value may be the closest of all embedding values generated by an embedding generator to a host-signal value that is to be quantized. Embedding values may be based on a trellis-coded pre-determined relationship between embedding values, or on predetermined relationships based on lattice quantization. The method may also include a fourth step of extracting the first watermark-signal value from a composite-signal value to form a reconstructed watermark-signal value.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for encoding a sampled signal using a nonscalar vector quantizer. A lapping window operator is applied to blocks of signal samples of length greater than N to produce length-N transform vectors which are then encoded by a nonscalar vector quantizer. The method and apparatus may use or have a window operator that is identical to that of the modulated lapped transform, that is a 2N.times.N matrix operator, that is identical to that of the modulated lapped transform with asymmetrical, orthogonal butterflies, or that has butterfly transmittances given by h?n!=sin?(2n+1).pi./4N!. The method and apparatus may use or have a vector quantizer is an unconstrained mean-square optimized vector quantizer having codewords of length N.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for preparing a message stream of symbols for wireless transmission by pre-coding it through convolution with a characteristic "signature" of predetermined symbols identifying a particular user of the message system. The time duration of the signature should exceed the inter-symbol interval of the message stream in order to reduce the likelihood of error caused by fading in the transmission channel.

Abstract: Transmitting and receiving method and apparatus especially suited to multi-user communication systems such as cellular systems, in which multi-path transmission encounters time-variable fading characteristics in the channel. Pre-coding message stream of symbols by convolution with predetermined signature sequences for respective users enables separation of respective user messages and combats effects of variable fading.

Abstract: A communication system is provided in which a transmitter performs modulation upon a number sequence to be transmitted. The modulation scheme includes embedding a sequence of numbers into a waveform such that the sequence is present in the waveform on multiple time scales. The transmitted waveform has a selected number of different frequency bands of successively doubling bandwidths. Each of the frequency bands includes the sequence of numbers, repeated therein at a certain rate. The rate is directly proportional to the bandwidth of the frequency band. The communication system further includes a receiver designed to average the value of the repeated sequence as received by the receiver. This scheme allows for accurate communication over noisy, uncertain, and/or hostile channels in both point to point and broadcast communication applications.