Abstract: The present disclosure concerns a sensor for detecting a sample analyte having an oxidizable phenolic group suspected to be present in a sample. The sensor comprises a sensing electrode, a plurality of sensor analytes associated with the sensing electrode, optionally a baseline electrode, and a sample receiving region in fluid communication with the sensing electrode. The sensor analyte, before its association with the sensing electrode, is the same chemical species as the sample analyte.

Abstract: Composite nanomaterials including a carbon nanomaterial and an electrocatalyst are disclosed and shown to facilitate enhanced detection, via electro-oxidation, of phenolic analytes when applied to a sensing electrode, such as the working electrode of an electrochemical sensor. In other example embodiments, methods and devices for improved electrochemical detection of phenolic analytes are disclosed in which a sensor electrode is modified by the presence of graphene nanosheets. Such modified electrodes may be employed to provide working electrodes in electrochemical sensors for the rapid detection of cannabinoids and/or associated metabolites in saliva. In some example implementations, the nanocomposite or graphene nanosheets are functionalized with magnetic particles and provided in a suspension that is initially contacted with the sample prior to being magnetically drawn to the surface of the electrode for electrochemical processing.

Abstract: Nanozymes capped with a radical-scavenging capping agent are disclosed for use in biosensing assays with improved sensitivity. The radical-scavenging capping agent facilitates the capture and retention of one or more radicals for enhancing a catalytic reaction. In some example embodiments, the nanozyme capped by the radical-scavenging capping agent is capable of catalyzing the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide or molecular oxygen. The capped nanozymes may be incorporated with an electrode, such as the working electrode of an electrochemical sensor, for achieving enhanced catalytic activity and a lower limit of detection. In some example embodiments, the radical-scavenging capping agent is or includes thiocyanate.

Abstract: Nanozymes capped with a radical-scavenging capping agent are disclosed for use in biosensing assays with improved sensitivity. The radical-scavenging capping agent facilitates the capture and retention of one or more radicals for enhancing a catalytic reaction. In some example embodiments, the nanozyme capped by the radical-scavenging capping agent is capable of catalyzing the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide or molecular oxygen. The capped nanozymes may be incorporated with an electrode, such as the working electrode of an electrochemical sensor, for achieving enhanced catalytic activity and a lower limit of detection. In some example embodiments, the radical-scavenging capping agent is or includes thiocyanate.