Abstract: Salts of dihydropyrimidine derivatives, complexes and uses thereof in medicine, and complexes and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. The uses of the addition salts, the complexes or the pharmaceutical compositions in the manufacture of a medicament, especially in the manufacture of a medicament for preventing, managing, treating or lessening hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

Abstract: A dihydropyrimidine compound and application thereof as a drug, in particular, application as a drug for treating and preventing hepatitis B. Specifically, a compound represented by general formula (I) or (Ia) or a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an oxynitride, a solvate, a metabolite, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, wherein variables are as defined in the description. Use of the compound represented by general formula (I) or (Ia) or the stereoisomer, the tautomer, the oxynitride, the solvate, the metabolite, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as a drug, in particular use as a drug for treating and preventing hepatitis B.

Abstract: A dihydropyrimidine compound and use as a medicament, especially application as a medicament used for treating and preventing hepatitis B, specifically, is a compound having Formula (I) or (Ia), or a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a solvate, a metabolite, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, wherein the variables of the formulas are as defined in the specification; and also includes the use of the compound having Formula (I) or (Ia), or an enantiomer, a diastereoisomer, a tautomer, a hydrate, a solvate, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as a medicament, especially use as a medicament for treating and preventing hepatitis B.

Abstract: A fused tricyclic compound and use thereof as a medicament, in particular as a medicament for the treatment and/or prevention of hepatitis B. Specifically, a compound having Formula (I) or a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a solvate, a metabolite, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, wherein each variate is as defined in specification. The compound also includes a Formula (I) or a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a solvate, a metabolite, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof as a medicament, especially as a medicament for the treatment and/or prevention of hepatitis B.

Abstract: A dihydropyrimidine compound and use as a medicament, especially application as a medicament used for treating and preventing hepatitis B, specifically, is a compound having Formula (I) or (Ia), or a stereisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a solvate, a metabolite, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, wherein the variables of the formulas are as defined in the specification; and also includes the use of the compound having Formula (I) or (Ia), or an enantiomer, a diastereoisomer, a tautomer, a hydrate, a solvate, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as a medicament, especially use as a medicament for treating and preventing hepatitis B.

Abstract: A fused tricyclic compound and use thereof as a medicament, in particular as a medicament for the treatment and/or prevention of hepatitis B. Specifically, a compound having Formula (I) or a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a solvate, a metabolite, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, wherein each variate is as defined in specification. The compound also includes a Formula (I) or a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a solvate, a metabolite, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof as a medicament, especially as a medicament for the treatment and/or prevention of hepatitis B.

Abstract: A cranial alignment device for use in intracranial stereotactic radiotherapy includes a nosepiece that is custom shaped to mate with the dorsum and alae of the patient's nose.

Abstract: This invention relates to L-tartaric acid complexes, acid addition salts, base addition salts of the compound named (S)-4-(((R)-6-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(methoxycarbonyl)-2-(thiazol-2-yl)-3,6-dihydropyrimidin-4-yl)methyl) morpholine-3-carboxylic acid or tautomer thereof and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and further relates to use of the compounds or the pharmaceutical compositions in the manufacture of a medicament, especially for use in preventing, managing, treating or lessening a HBV infection. The complex, acid addition salt or base addition salt of the present invention is crystalline form, substantially crystalline form, polymorphism, amorphism, hydrate or solvate.

Abstract: This invention relates to L-tartaric acid complexes, acid addition salts, base addition salts of the compound named (S)-4-(((R)-6-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(methoxycarbonyl)-2-(thiazol-2-yl)-3,6-dihydropyrimidin-4-yl) methyl) morpholine-3-carboxylic acid or tautomer thereof and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and further relates to use of the compounds or the pharmaceutical compositions in the manufacture of a medicament, especially for use in preventing, managing, treating or lessening a HBV infection. The complex, acid addition salt or base addition salt of the present invention is crystalline form, substantially crystalline form, polymorphism, amorphism, hydrate or solvate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for preparing a dihydropyrimidine derivative having Formula (I) or a tautomer thereof having Formula (Ia), as well as a intermediate thereof. The processes of the invention have simple operation, high optical purity of product, high yield and convenient work-up, which is suitable for industrial production.

Abstract: An ambiguity-free optical tracking system (100) includes a position sensor unit (104), a control box (106), a computer (110) and software. The position sensor unit includes two cameras (121 and 122) that track a plurality of individual infra-red reflecting markers (160) affixed on a patient's skin. Coordinates of the cameras in a coordinate system of the cameras are determined as part of a system calibration process by intentionally creating ambiguous markers with two true markers. Using this information, an ambiguity elimination algorithm automatically identifies and eliminates ambiguous markers. A recursive backtracking algorithm builds a one-to-one correspondence between reference markers and markers optically observed during treatment. By utilizing a concept of null markers, the backtracking algorithm deals with missing, misplaced and occluded markers.

Abstract: A patient safety system (PSS) (100) uses optical tracking in a linear accelerator treatment room to prevent gross setup errors. A patient (150) undergoes a computed tomography (CT) treatment-simulation scan while a CT ball bearing (BB) is on patient's surface. The CT BB is replaced with an infrared reflective marker (IRRM) (160) before radiotherapy treatment starts. Coordinates of the CT BB relative to an isocenter of the treatment room are used as reference for tracking. The coordinate system of an optical tracking system is converted to a coordinate system of the treatment room. The PSS evaluates setup accuracy for a radiotherapy session by comparing real-time position of the single IRRM determined by the optical tracking technology with a predicted reference position, and displays results on a graphical user interface. The PSS stops radiation when a deviation between real-time coordinates and predicted coordinates of the IRRM (160) exceeds a predefined threshold.

Abstract: A jig for calibrating an image-guided radiotherapy apparatus is disclosed. The jig includes a ball bearing and a three-axis positioner. Once the ball bearing has been moved to the calculated radiation isocenter of the apparatus, other calibration procedures can be performed by directing light onto the jig.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for preparing a dihydropyrimidine derivative having Formula (I) or a tautomer thereof having Formula (Ia), as well as a intermediate thereof. The processes of the invention have simple operation, high optical purity of product, high yield and convenient work-up, which is suitable for industrial production.

Abstract: A cranial alignment device for use in intracranial stereotactic radiotherapy includes a nosepiece that is custom shaped to mate with the dorsum and alae of the patient's nose.

Abstract: A jig for calibrating an image-guided radiotherapy apparatus is disclosed. The jig includes a ball bearing and a three-axis positioner. Once the ball bearing has been moved to the calculated radiation isocenter of the apparatus, other calibration procedures can be performed by directing light onto the jig.

Abstract: A patient safety system (PSS) (100) uses optical tracking in a linear accelerator treatment room to prevent gross setup errors. A patient (150) undergoes a computed tomography (CT) treatment-simulation scan while a CT ball bearing (BB) is on patient's surface. The CT BB is replaced with an infrared reflective marker (IRRM) (160) before radiotherapy treatment starts. Coordinates of the CT BB relative to an isocenter of the treatment room are used as reference for tracking. The coordinate system of an optical tracking system is converted to a coordinate system of the treatment room. The PSS evaluates setup accuracy for a radiotherapy session by comparing real-time position of the single IRRM determined by the optical tracking technology with a predicted reference position, and displays results on a graphical user interface. The PSS stops radiation when a deviation between real-time coordinates and predicted coordinates of the IRRM (160) exceeds a predefined threshold.

Abstract: An ambiguity-free optical tracking system (100) includes a position sensor unit (104), a control box (106), a computer (110) and software. The position sensor unit includes two cameras (121 and 122) that track a plurality of individual infra-red reflecting markers (160) affixed on a patient's skin. Coordinates of the cameras in a coordinate system of the cameras are determined as part of a system calibration process by intentionally creating ambiguous markers with two true markers. Using this information, an ambiguity elimination algorithm automatically identifies and eliminates ambiguous markers. A recursive backtracking algorithm builds a one-to-one correspondence between reference markers and markers optically observed during treatment. By utilizing a concept of null markers, the backtracking algorithm deals with missing, misplaced and occluded markers.