Abstract: The invention relates to a method for representing an environmental region of a motor vehicle in an image, in which real images of the environmental region are captured by a plurality of real cameras of the motor vehicle and the image is generated from these real images, which at least partially represents the environmental region, wherein the image is represented from a perspective of a virtual camera arranged in the environmental region, and the image is generated as a bowl shape, wherein at least one virtual elongated distance marker is represented in the image, by which a distance to the motor vehicle is symbolized in the virtual bowl shape. The invention also relates to a computer program product and a display system for a motor vehicle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for representing an environmental region of a motor vehicle in an image, in which real images of the environmental region are captured by a plurality of real cameras of the motor vehicle and the image is generated from these real images, which at least partially represents the environmental region, wherein the image is represented from a perspective of a virtual camera arranged in the environmental region, and the image is generated as a bowl shape, wherein at least one virtual elongated distance marker is represented in the image, by which a distance to the motor vehicle is symbolized in the virtual bowl shape. The invention also relates to a computer program product and a display system for a motor vehicle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for recognizing a raised object on the basis of images in an environmental region of a motor vehicle, comprising: capturing a first image from a first camera and a second image from a second camera, transforming the first and second images into a common reference system, forming gradients over pixel values of pixels along gradient lines in the transformed first and second images, summing gradients along parallel summation lines to form a gradient sum, determining a first pair of the maxima of the gradient sum in the transformed first image and a second pair of the maxima of the gradient sum in the transformed second image, recognizing the raised object, if at least one distance between the maxima of the first pair in the transformed first image deviates from a distance of the maxima of the corresponding second pair in the transformed second image.

Abstract: A clean version of the amended Abstract is shown as follows: The invention relates to a method for recognizing a raised object on the basis of images in an environmental region of a motor vehicle, comprising: capturing a first image from a first camera and a second image from a second camera, transforming the first and second images into a common reference system, forming gradients over pixel values of pixels along gradient lines in the transformed first and second images, summing gradients along parallel summation lines to form a gradient sum, determining a first pair of the maxima of the gradient sum in the transformed first image and a second pair of the maxima of the gradient sum in the transformed second image, recognizing the raised object, if at least one distance between the maxima of the first pair in the transformed first image deviates from a distance of the maxima of the corresponding second pair in the transformed second image.

Abstract: Image data of respective images are recorded by multiple cameras that are arranged on a vehicle. A geometry of a three-dimensional environment model is provided, which has a level ground region that lies in a ground plane of the vehicle and which has a surface that has a ground surface of the level ground region and that encloses an ambient space, which also includes the vehicle. The image data of the respective images of the various cameras are projected on the surface of the three-dimensional environment model as environment model image data. Image data to be signaled of an image to be displayed from a view of a virtual camera on to the surface of the three-dimensional environment model are determined.

Abstract: In a process for operating a vehicle having an outside mirror on which a camera is arranged and which is swivelable by a swiveling device between a first end position and a second end position, first picture data and second picture data of a first picture and of a second picture captured by the camera are provided. As a function of the first and second picture data, it is determined whether an object is imaged in both pictures. If an object is imaged in both pictures, as a function of the first and second picture data, a distance from the object relative to a reference point with respect to the camera is determined. As a function of the determined distance, the swiveling device is triggered such that it contributes to the fact that the distance is greater than or equal to a predefined minimum distance value.

Abstract: Image data of respective images are recorded by multiple cameras that are arranged on a vehicle. A geometry of a three-dimensional environment model is provided, which has a level ground region that lies in a ground plane of the vehicle and which has a surface that has a ground surface of the level ground region and that encloses an ambient space, which also includes the vehicle. The image data of the respective images of the various cameras are projected on the surface of the three-dimensional environment model as environment model image data. Image data to be signaled of an image to be displayed from a view of a virtual camera on to the surface of the three-dimensional environment model are determined.

Abstract: In a process for operating a vehicle having an outside mirror on which a camera is arranged and which is swivelable by a swiveling device between a first end position and a second end position, first picture data and second picture data of a first picture and of a second picture captured by the camera are provided. As a function of the first and second picture data, it is determined whether an object is imaged in both pictures. If an object is imaged in both pictures, as a function of the first and second picture data, a distance from the object relative to a reference point with respect to the camera is determined. As a function of the determined distance, the swiveling device is triggered such that it contributes to the fact that the distance is greater than or equal to a predefined minimum distance value.

Abstract: A method is provided for attracting the attention of a motor vehicle driver to a potential hazardous spot in an image, which is illustrated in a real form on a display of the motor vehicle or in a virtual form in a region of the motor vehicle. At least one laser scanner provided in the vehicle scans the surroundings in front of the vehicle and determines the shape of an object and the distance of the object from the vehicle. At least one infrared camera, in particular a thermal imaging camera, is provided on the vehicle. It records the surroundings in front of the vehicle and makes available the real or virtual image of the surroundings for display to the driver. The object is compared with at least a first reference object within the scope of a first pattern recognition process. If there is significant correspondence between the object and the reference object, that area on the real or virtual image displayed to the driver in which the object is to be found is determined.

Abstract: A camera system for a motor vehicle is described. Incident radiation is guided to a radiation receiving unit by means of one or more deflecting mirrors, where at least one deflecting mirror is configured to swivel. The swivelable deflecting mirror has a first mirror side, which is suitable for deflecting incident radiation, and a second mirror side, which is also suitable for deflecting incident radiation. The second mirror side exhibits a curvature shape that is different from that of the first mirror side. The swivelable deflecting mirror can be oriented in such a manner that incident radiation can be guided to the receiving unit by selecting one of the first or the second mirror side as an effective mirror surface.

Abstract: In order to reduce the extent of assembly, the invention proposes a wiper system (1) having a wiper drive (3) for driving a wiper linkage (10, 11, 12), wherein the wiper system (1) is connected to the vehicle at three positions, wherein two positions are provided at both wiper bearings (20, 21) for the wiper linkage (10, 11, 12). According to the invention, a plug-in connection (25, 30) is provided on the wiper drive (3) for connecting the wiper system (1) to the vehicle at the third position such that an elongated plug-in element (25), protruding laterally from the wiper drive (3), is provided for supporting forces and torques toward the vehicle coming from the wiper system (1), which engages into a correspondingly configured plug receptacle (30) at the end that is held on the vehicle for the torque-supporting removable connection.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for calibrating an optical camera and/or an infrared camera, in particular an infrared tele-camera, that is/are arranged in a motor vehicle and that has a checkered appearance with first and second fields. In order to make the known apparatus suitable for a plurality of camera systems, it is suggested that the first fields are heated or cooled.

Abstract: The method of making a vacuum tube collector or X-ray tube, which includes a matching glass-metal joint, includes providing a glass tube (1) made of a glass with a composition, in percent by weight on the basis of oxide content, consisting of B2O3, 8-11.5; Al2O3, 5-9; Na2O, 5-9; K2O, 0-5; CaO, 0.4-1.5; balance, SiO2; and bonding, preferably fusing or melting, an end portion of the glass tube (1) with a metal part (2) in order to bond or attach the glass tube to the metal part, thus forming a long-lasting glass-metal joint. The method of making the glass-metal joint is performed without using intermediary glass compositions of varying thermal conductivities. In the case of the vacuum tube collector the method can provide the basis for an automated manufacture of the vacuum tube collector.

Abstract: A method is provided for attracting the attention of a motor vehicle driver to a potential hazardous spot in an image, which is illustrated in a real form on a display of the motor vehicle or in a virtual form in a region of the motor vehicle. At least one laser scanner provided in the vehicle scans the surroundings in front of the vehicle and determines the shape of an object and the distance of the object from the vehicle. At least one infrared camera, in particular a thermal imaging camera, is provided on the vehicle. It records the surroundings in front of the vehicle and makes available the real or virtual image of the surroundings for display to the driver. The object is compared with at least a first reference object within the scope of a first pattern recognition process. If there is significant correspondence between the object and the reference object, that area on the real or virtual image displayed to the driver in which the object is to be found is determined.

Abstract: An electrical switch has a common contact body and a first selective contact body and a second selective contact body. A contactor is connected mechanically and in an electrically conducting manner to the common contact body. The contactor comprises an elastic, electrically conducting material. It is formed originating from the basic form of a leaf spring into a multifunctional part having a clamping area, a deformation area and a stiffened actuating area. The pre-tension of the contactor causes the contact fingers to be positioned against the contact surfaces of the first selective contact body. Pressure on the actuating area elastically deforms the contactor, and the actuating area pivots with the contact fingers so that the contact fingers switchingly enclose the contact surfaces of the second selective contact body.

Abstract: A camera system for a motor vehicle is described. Incident radiation is guided to a radiation receiving unit by means of one or more deflecting mirrors, where at least one deflecting mirror is configured to swivel. The swivelable deflecting mirror has a first mirror side, which is suitable for deflecting incident radiation, and a second mirror side, which is also suitable for deflecting incident radiation. The second mirror side exhibits a curvature shape that is different from that of the first mirror side. The swivelable deflecting mirror can be oriented in such a manner that incident radiation can be guided to the receiving unit by selecting one of the first or the second mirror side as an effective mirror surface.

Abstract: An electrical switch has a common contact body (21) and a first selective contact body (22) and a second selective contact body (23). A contactor (25) is connected mechanically and in an electrically conducting manner to the common contact body (21). The contactor (25) comprises an elastic, electrically conducting material. It is formed originating from the basic form of a leaf spring into a multifunctional part having a fastening are (25a), a deformation area (25b) and a stiffened actuating area (25c) that terminates in a sliding curvature (27). The actuating area (25c) has two edge strips (12) that continue in contact fingers (26). Pairs of the contact fingers (26) can enclose contact surfaces (22b, 23b) that are disposed on the first selective contact body (22) and on the second selective contact body (23). The pre-tension of the contactor (25) causes the contact fingers (26) to be positioned against the contact surfaces (22b) of the first selective contact body (22).

Abstract: A gate change unit for generating gate-changing signals for an automatic gearbox comprises a cover, a gate which is located in the cover and which permits displacement movements and/or pivoting movements in a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction in the plane of the gate change unit, a gear change lever which is guided in the gate and can be displaced and/or pivoted in the longitudinal direction and/or the transverse direction, a housing or carrier part which is connected to the cover, and electrical switch elements, the electrical switch elements generating electrical gear change signals in accordance with the displacement of the gear change lever, which signals are used to control the automatic gearbox. The electrical switch elements are arranged directly on a conductive element, in the form of a printed circuit board or a conductive foil, which is connected to the housing or to the carrier part.

Abstract: The method of making a vacuum tube collector or X-ray tube, which includes a matching glass-metal joint, includes providing a glass tube (1) made of a glass with a composition, in percent by weight on the basis of oxide content, consisting of B2O3, 8-11.5; Al2O3, 5-9; Na2O, 5-9; K2O, 0-5; CaO, 0.4-1.5; balance, SiO2; and bonding, preferably fusing or melting, an end portion of the glass tube (1) with a metal part (2) in order to bond or attach the glass tube to the metal part, thus forming a long-lasting glass-metal joint. The method of making the glass-metal joint is performed without using intermediary glass compositions of varying thermal conductivities. In the case of the vacuum tube collector the method can provide the basis for an automated manufacture of the vacuum tube collector.

Abstract: A method for detecting the binding between binding sites, comprising the following steps: providing a population of nanoparticles N1, . . . Nx, each nanoparticle having at least one characteristic electrical field property and at least one first binding site, wherein the characteristic electrical field property codes for the corresponding first binding site of each nanoparticle, adding a sample to be analyzed which possibly comprises at least oen analyte with at least one second binding site capable to bind to said first binding site, wherein said analyte and/or said nanoparticles N1, . . . or Nx have at least one detectable property which changes upon binding of said first binding site to said second binding site, the detectable property being different from the electrical field property, applying an electrical field, separating said population of nanoparticles with regard to said electrical field property, measuring the presence or absence of a change of the at least one detectable property.