Abstract: A linear plasma electron source is provided. The linear plasma electron source includes a housing acting as a first electrode, the housing having side walls a slit opening in the housing for trespassing of a electron beam, the slit opening defining a length direction of the source, a second electrode being arranged within the housing and having a first side facing the slit opening, the first side being spaced from the slit opening by a first distance, wherein the length of the electron source in the length direction is at least 5 times the first distance, and at least one gas supply for providing a gas into the housing.

Abstract: A method of charging a web or foil is described. The method includes guiding a web or foil having a thickness of 10 ?m or larger with at least on roller; providing a linear electron source having a housing acting as an anode, the housing having side walls; a slit opening in the housing for trespassing of a linear electron beam, the slit opening defining a length direction of the source; a cathode being arranged within the housing and having a first side facing the slit opening; at least one gas supply for providing a gas into the housing; and a power supply for providing a high voltage between the anode and the cathode; and emitting the linear electron beam, wherein the high voltage is adjusted for providing an electron energy to implant electrons of the electron beam within the web or foil.

Abstract: An evaporation apparatus for coating a substrate having an evaporation structure for evaporating material, the evaporation structure having an evaporation structure surface for receiving a wire; a wire feed for providing the wire; and a bending fixture with the bending fixture including a first and a second roller for giving the wire a reproducible curvature so that in operation of the evaporation apparatus the contact spot of the wire on the evaporation structure is at a desired position.

Abstract: A coating device for coating a flexible substrate and methods of manufacturing and operating a coating device are described. The coating device includes a roll having an axis and two or more insulating layers, wherein a first insulating layer is applied on a first area and a second insulating layer is applied on a second area on the surface of the roll, the first and second area being circumferential, and wherein at least one insulating layer is adapted to be applied as a vapor or as a fluid, and a central area between the first and second area, and a flexible substrate receiving area having two or more boundaries, wherein a first boundary lies within the first area and a second boundary lies within the second area.

Abstract: A method of charging a web or foil is described. The method includes guiding a web or foil having a thickness of 10 ?m or larger with at least on roller; providing a linear electron source having a housing acting as an anode, the housing having side walls; a slit opening in the housing for trespassing of a linear electron beam, the slit opening defining a length direction of the source; a cathode being arranged within the housing and having a first side facing the slit opening; at least one gas supply for providing a gas into the housing; and a power supply for providing a high voltage between the anode and the cathode; and emitting the linear electron beam, wherein the high voltage is adjusted for providing an electron energy to implant electrons of the electron beam within the web or foil.

Abstract: An evaporation apparatus for evaporating a material to be deposited is described. The evaporation apparatus includes at least one evaporation crucible having a body with an area for receiving the material to be deposited at one side; a linear electron source being positioned adjacent to the evaporation crucible for impingement of an electron beam on another side. The linear electron source includes a housing acting as a first electrode, the housing having side walls; slit opening in the housing for trespassing of a electron beam, the slit opening defining a length direction of the source; a second electrode being arranged within the housing and having a first side facing the slit opening; and at least one gas supply for providing a gas into the housing, wherein the first electrode is the anode and the second electrode is the cathode.

Abstract: A linear plasma electron source is provided. The linear plasma electron source includes a housing acting as a first electrode, the housing having side walls a slit opening in the housing for trespassing of a electron beam, the slit opening defining a length direction of the source, a second electrode being arranged within the housing and having a first side facing the slit opening, the first side being spaced from the slit opening by a first distance, wherein the length of the electron source in the length direction is at least 5 times the first distance, and at least one gas supply for providing a gas into the housing.

Abstract: A system and method for producing electrons and ions are disclosed. One embodiment includes an outer electrode with a discharge chamber; an inner electrode positioned inside the discharge chamber, the inner electrode positioning forming a upper portion of the discharge chamber and a lower portion of the discharge chamber; and a gas inlet positioned in the lower portion of the discharge chamber; wherein a plasma formed within the lower portion of the discharge chamber provides priming particles usable to form a plasma in the upper portion of the discharge chamber.

Abstract: A system and method for producing electrons and ions are disclosed. One embodiment includes an outer electrode with a discharge chamber; an inner electrode positioned inside the discharge chamber, the inner electrode positioning forming a upper portion of the discharge chamber and a lower portion of the discharge chamber; and a gas inlet positioned in the lower portion of the discharge chamber; wherein a plasma formed within the lower portion of the discharge chamber provides priming particles usable to form a plasma in the upper portion of the discharge chamber.

Abstract: The breaker comprises two breaker jaws (17, 19) adapted to be opened and closed hydraulically, with which building parts, concrete parts, brick walls and the like may be clamped. A hydraulic pulse hammer device (25) is mounted to at least one breaker leg (17), which, by means of a piston (29) strikes on the object in the holding area of the breaker and breaks or splits the same. Thus, the efficiency of the breaker is substantially increased.

Abstract: Two working pistons (AK1, AK2) strike on the anvil (10) of a drill device or a rock breaking device. One working piston (AK1) is a solid piston, while the other (AK2) is an annular piston. Both working pistons can work at the same or substantially the same rate. In general, the percussion rate acting on the anvil (10) can be doubled with two working pistons. The working pistons can be controlled in common or independent from each other. In a synchronous mode with equal phase, the impact energy is multiplied; in an asynchronous mode or a mode with opposite phases, the percussion rate is increased.

Abstract: The breaker comprises two breaker jaws (17, 19) adapted to be opened and closed hydraulically, with which building parts, concrete parts, brick walls and the like may be clamped. A hydraulic pulse hammer device (25) is mounted to at least one breaker leg (17), which, by means of a piston (29) strikes on the object in the holding area of the breaker and breaks or splits the same. Thus, the efficiency of the breaker is substantially increased.

Abstract: Two working pistons (AK1, AK2) strike on the anvil (10) of a drill device or a rock breaking device. One working piston (AK1) is a solid piston, while the other (AKZ) is an annular piston. Both working pistons can work at the same or substantially the same rate. In general, the percussion rate acting on the anvil (10) can be doubled with two working pistons. The working pistons can be controlled in common or independent from each other. In a synchronous mode with equal phase, the impact energy is multiplied; in an asynchronous mode or a mode with opposite phases, the percussion rate is increased.

Abstract: A pneumatic impact damping device for a drill column comprises a first connection member for connection with the rear part of a drill column and a second connection member for connection with the front part of the drill column. Both connection members define a pneumatic cylinder chamber through which a bushing extends. The bushing has a passage moving Into and closed by a seal when an axial thrust force is exerted on the drill column. Thus, pressurized air is trapped and compressed in the cylinder chamber. In this manner, impacts applied to the front connection member by a deep-hole hammer drill are damped and prevented from acting on the rear part of the drill rod.