Abstract: A filter element has: a carrier element permeable to fluid and having a support surface, the support surface having a surface area increasing contour; and a filter medium deposited onto the support surface of the carrier element forming a filter layer adapted to the surface area increasing contour.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a filter element includes: providing a carrier element, which is permeable to fluid, including a support surface having a surface area increasing contour; immersing the carrier element into a suspension of water and ingredients for a filter medium; depositing the filter medium onto the support surface by applying a vacuum suction through the carrier element so as to form a uniform layer of suspended filter medium onto the support surface; stopping the depositing of the filter medium onto the support surface when a thickness of the layer reaches a desired thickness so as to form the filter element; and removing the filter element from the suspension.

Abstract: A filter element has: a carrier element permeable to fluid and having a support surface, the support surface having a surface area increasing contour; and a filter medium deposited onto the support surface of the carrier element forming a filter layer adapted to the surface area increasing contour.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for reducing the total bacteria count in aqueous dispersions by means of sterile filtration of said dispersions using deep-bed filters (18, 22) pertaining to at least one deep-bed filter device, under pre-determined conditions, notably the temperature of the non-filtered part, the differential pressure in the deep-bed filters (18, 22) and the flow speed of the non-filtered part in the respective deep bed filter device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a filter material, particularly in the form of a deep filter layer, comprising a given number of native fibers made of cellulose for example, and toxically active or toxicity promoting polyaccharides provided in a suspension before being further processed to form the finished filter material. By adding specific enzymes, the respective polysaccharide is converted into a non-toxic end product or an end product having low toxicity. As a result, the respective (lipo)polysaccharide chain is cleaved at given binding points according to the enzyme used and is degraded to form a non-toxic or low toxic end product.