Abstract: Devices, instruments and associated methods for the subchondral treatment of osteoarthritis in small joints are provided. In addition, a method for treating joint pain in small joints is provided. These small joints may be ankle, elbow or wrist joints. The methods may target one of many different access points having trajectories with a common focal point at or near the small joint. The instruments may limit access to areas within or near the small joint by providing predefined entry paths that avoid damage to surrounding tissues.

Abstract: Devices, instruments and associated methods for the subchondral treatment of osteoarthritis in small joints are provided. In addition, a method for treating joint pain in small joints is provided. These small joints may be ankle, elbow or wrist joints. The methods may target one of many different access points having trajectories with a common focal point at or near the small joint. The instruments may limit access to areas within or near the small joint by providing predefined entry paths that avoid damage to surrounding tissues.

Abstract: Devices, instruments and associated methods for the subchondral treatment of osteoarthritis in small joints are provided. In addition, a method for treating joint pain in small joints is provided. These small joints may be ankle, elbow or wrist joints. The methods may target one of many different access points having trajectories with a common focal point at or near the small joint. The instruments may limit access to areas within or near the small joint by providing predefined entry paths that avoid damage to surrounding tissues.

Abstract: Devices, instruments and associated methods for the subchondral treatment of osteoarthritis in small joints are provided. In addition, a method for treating joint pain in small joints is provided. These small joints may be ankle, elbow or wrist joints. The methods may target one of many different access points having trajectories with a common focal point at or near the small joint. The instruments may limit access to areas within or near the small joint by providing predefined entry paths that avoid damage to surrounding tissues.

Abstract: A continuous passive motion (CPM) device includes a foot support plate and a toe plate. The foot support plate pivots back and forth, driven by a rod connected to a motor. A toe plate pivots separately from the foot support plate, and receives its motive power solely from the foot support plate. The engagement of a pair of pins, one pin connected to the foot support plate and the other pin connected to the toe plate, causes the toe plate to pivot at the desired moment. The toe plate pivots in the opposite direction from that of the foot support plate, and pivots only when the foot support plate reaches a predetermined angle. At other times, the toe plate does not move. The latter arrangement enhances the level of comfort felt by the patient, by increasing the effective angle of flexing of the foot, while limiting the amount of flexing of the heel to a comfortable level. The positioning of the pins determines through how many degrees the toe plate pivots for each degree of rotation of the foot support plate.