Abstract: A flexible suction coagulator is adapted for use with an endoscope. The flexible suction coagulator includes an elongated tubular body, a coagulator adjacent a distal end of that tubular body, at least one suction port and a connection terminal at a proximal end of the tubular body.

Abstract: Systems for detecting analytes in electrical double layer nanopore devices and methods of use are provided.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with search query task management for search system tuning are described. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving interaction data that describes an interaction with a search system. The search system includes a search engine configured to process search queries to return results that include a ranked set of documents that are relevant to respective search queries. A search query to be used as a basis for search engine tuning is identified based on at least the interaction data. Request data describing a tuning request for the identified search query is transmitted to a search query tuning system. In response to the tuning request for the identified search query, the search query tuning system adds the identified search query to a set of search queries that are candidates for use as a basis for search engine tuning.

Abstract: Systems for detecting analytes in electrical double layer nanopore devices and methods of use are provided.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with search query task management for search system tuning are described. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving interaction data that describes an interaction with a search system. The search system includes a search engine configured to process search queries to return results that include a ranked set of documents that are relevant to respective search queries. A search query to be used as a basis for search engine tuning is identified based on at least the interaction data. Request data describing a tuning request for the identified search query is transmitted to a search query tuning system. In response to the tuning request for the identified search query, the search query tuning system adds the identified search query to a set of search queries that are candidates for use as a basis for search engine tuning.

Abstract: Provided according to embodiments of the invention are nanostructured surfaces that include a substrate; and an array of metallic nanopillar islands on the substrate, wherein each metallic nanopillar island includes a metal base layer on the substrate and a plurality of metallic nanopillars on the metal base layer, and wherein portions of the substrate between adjacent metallic nanopillar islands are free of the metal base layer. Also provided according to some embodiments of the invention are nanostructured surfaces that include a non-conductive substrate; and at least one nanoelectrode defined within the non-conductive substrate, wherein the at least one nanoelectrode is sized and/or shaped to immobilize an analyte or a probe molecule. Also provided are apparatuses and methods for SERS and detection of analytes or biological binding by EDL capacitance.

Abstract: Provided according to some embodiments of the present invention are electrical double layer (EDL) capacitive devices that include an insulating substrate defining a nanopore therethrough; a nanopore electrode exposed in a portion of the nanopore; and an electrolyte in contact with the nanopore electrode. Also provided are methods of using EDL capacitive devices according to embodiments of the invention to sequence polynucleotides or other polymers and/or to detect analytes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nanopillar arrays that may have relatively large dimensions and relatively large interpillar distances. The present invention also relates to methods of forming the same. In some embodiments of the invention, methods of forming hexagonal nanopillar arrays include forming a base comprising aluminum; forming a hexagonal pattern of pits in the aluminum; anodizing the aluminum to form aluminum oxide comprising a primary hexagonal nanopore array at the positions of the pits in the aluminum; depositing a conductive material into the nanopores of the primary hexagonal nanopore array; and removing the mask and the aluminum oxide to provide the hexagonal nanopillar array.

Abstract: Provided according to embodiments of the invention are nanostructured surfaces that include a substrate; and an array of metallic nanopillar islands on the substrate, wherein each metallic nanopillar island includes a metal base layer on the substrate and a plurality of metallic nanopillars on the metal base layer, and wherein portions of the substrate between adjacent metallic nanopillar islands are free of the metal base layer. Also provided according to some embodiments of the invention are nanostructured surfaces that include a non-conductive substrate; and at least one nanoelectrode defined within the non-conductive substrate, wherein the at least one nanoelectrode is sized and/or shaped to immobilize an analyte or a probe molecule. Also provided are apparatuses and methods for SERS and detection of analytes or biological binding by EDL capacitance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nanopillar arrays that may have relatively large dimensions and relatively large interpillar distances. The present invention also relates to methods of forming the same. In some embodiments of the invention, methods of forming hexagonal nanopillar arrays include forming a base comprising aluminum; forming a hexagonal pattern of pits in the aluminum; anodizing the aluminum to form aluminum oxide comprising a primary hexagonal nanopore array at the positions of the pits in the aluminum; depositing a conductive material into the nanopores of the primary hexagonal nanopore array; and removing the mask and the aluminum oxide to provide the hexagonal nanopillar array.

Abstract: Provided according to some embodiments of the present invention are electrical double layer (EDL) capacitive devices that include an insulating substrate defining a nanopore therethrough; a nanopore electrode exposed in a portion of the nanopore; and an electrolyte in contact with the nanopore electrode. Also provided are methods of using EDL capacitive devices according to embodiments of the invention to sequence polynucleotides or other polymers and/or to detect analytes.

Abstract: This invention presents microstructures enhanced with nanopillars. The invention also provides ways for manufacturing nanopillar-enhanced microstructures. In some embodiments, the invention also provides methods of use for the nanopillar-enhanced microstructures.

Abstract: This application provides nanostructure-enhanced stereo-electrodes. The application also provides novel ways to manufacture nanostructure-enhanced electrodes. In some embodiments, the invention also provides methods of use for devices equipped with the nanostructure-enhanced stereo-electrodes.

Abstract: This invention presents microstructures enhanced with nanopillars. The invention also provides a novel way for manufacturing nanopillar-enhanced microstructures, using conventional microfabrication techniques. In some embodiments, the invention also provides methods of use for the nanopillar-enhanced microstructures.