Abstract: A stackable battery includes: a plurality of battery cases, each including a battery module therein, and stacked in a height direction of a vehicle; and a plurality of through-pipes provided in each battery case and configured to pass through the battery case in a vertical direction. The through-pipes are in the shape of pipes extending in the vertical direction and are provided in each battery case arranged together in the vertical direction. The stackable battery further includes at least one support member passing through the plurality of through-pipes in the vertical direction and supporting an upper battery case among the plurality of battery cases.

Abstract: A battery case includes a floor panel of a vehicle, which forms a floor of a body of the vehicle and at the same time, forms an upper panel of a battery case, a side sill positioned at opposite sides of the floor panel, extending in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and extending downwardly from the floor panel in a height direction, and front and rear barriers extending downwardly from a front portion and a rear portion of the floor panel connected to the side sill to form a sidewall portion of the battery case together with the side sill by being connected to the side sill.

Abstract: In an embodiment a power apparatus includes a fuel cell configured to supply power to an inverter of a vehicle, a supercapacitor configured to assist the fuel cell, a bidirectional converter configured to charge and discharge the fuel cell and the supercapacitor and a controller configured to drive the vehicle by controlling the supercapacitor to be charged and discharged depending on a current required by the inverter for driving the vehicle and to assist the fuel cell.

Abstract: A data storage device may include a storage including a plurality of memory blocks composed of system memory blocks for storing system data and user memory blocks for storing user data; and a controller configured to: control exchange of the system and user data with the storage in response to a request of a host device; and determine whether a start condition for performing a garbage collection operation on the storage is satisfied, based on a number of bad memory blocks in the plurality of memory blocks.

Abstract: A data storage device may include a storage including a plurality of memory blocks composed of system memory blocks for storing system data and user memory blocks for storing user data; and a controller configured to: control exchange of the system and user data with the storage in response to a request of a host device; and determine whether a start condition for performing a garbage collection operation on the storage is satisfied, based on a number of bad memory blocks in the plurality of memory blocks.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. A computing system includes a storage device and a host. The storage device includes a memory device including a write protection area. The host performs an operation of providing, to the storage device, a first request regarding security write and write data in parallel with an operation of generating a host authentication code based on the write data and a key shared with the storage device.

Abstract: A data storage device may include a storage including a plurality of memory blocks composed of system memory blocks for storing system data and user memory blocks for storing user data; and a controller configured to: control exchange of the system and user data with the storage in response to a request of a host device; and determine whether a start condition for performing a garbage collection operation on the storage is satisfied, based on a number of bad memory blocks in the plurality of memory blocks.

Abstract: A data storage device may include a storage including a plurality of memory blocks composed of system memory blocks for storing system data and user memory blocks for storing user data; and a controller configured to: control exchange of the system and user data with the storage in response to a request of a host device; and determine whether a start condition for performing a garbage collection operation on the storage is satisfied, based on a number of bad memory blocks in the plurality of memory blocks.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. A computing system includes a storage device and a host. The storage device includes a memory device including a write protection area. The host performs an operation of providing, to the storage device, a first request regarding security write and write data in parallel with an operation of generating a host authentication code based on the write data and a key shared with the storage device.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. A computing system includes a storage device and a host. The storage device includes a memory device including a write protection area. The host performs an operation of providing, to the storage device, a first request regarding security write and write data in parallel with an operation of generating a host authentication code based on the write data and a key shared with the storage device.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. A storage device includes a memory device and a memory controller. The memory device includes a write protection area. The memory controller controls the memory device to perform a read operation on the write protection area, in response to a series of requests regarding security read that are received from a host, provides read data received from the memory device to the host, and generates a device authentication code based on the read data. The memory controller performs generation of the device authentication code in parallel with provision of the read data to the host.

Abstract: A data storage device may include a storage including a plurality of memory blocks composed of system memory blocks for storing system data and user memory blocks for storing user data; and a controller configured to: control exchange of the system and user data with the storage in response to a request of a host device; and determine whether a start condition for performing a garbage collection operation on the storage is satisfied, based on a number of bad memory blocks in the plurality of memory blocks.

Abstract: A data storage device may include a storage including a plurality of memory blocks composed of system memory blocks for storing system data and user memory blocks for storing user data; and a controller configured to: control exchange of the system and user data with the storage in response to a request of a host device; and determine whether a start condition for performing a garbage collection operation on the storage is satisfied, based on a number of bad memory blocks in the plurality of memory blocks.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. A computing system includes a host and a storage device. The host generates a host authentication code. The storage device receives a first request among a series of first to third requests regarding security write and write data from the host, generates a device authentication code based on the write data, receives the second request and the host authentication code from the host, and performs a program operation on the write data based on a result of comparing the host authentication code with the device authentication code.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. A computing system includes a storage device and a host. The storage device includes a memory device including a write protection area. The host performs an operation of providing, to the storage device, a first request regarding security write and write data in parallel with an operation of generating a host authentication code based on the write data and a key shared with the storage device.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. A storage device includes a memory device and a memory controller. The memory device includes a write protection area. The memory controller controls the memory device to perform a read operation on the write protection area, in response to a series of requests regarding security read that are received from a host, provides read data received from the memory device to the host, and generates a device authentication code based on the read data. The memory controller performs generation of the device authentication code in parallel with provision of the read data to the host.

Abstract: Provided herein may be a storage device and a method of operating the same. The storage device may include a memory device including a plurality of memory blocks, and a memory controller configured to control the memory device and perform a garbage collection operation of securing free blocks in which data is not stored, based on a sum of a number of invalid data blocks and a number of free blocks, among the plurality of memory blocks, wherein the number of invalid data blocks is determined depending on a size of invalid data stored in the plurality of memory blocks.

Abstract: A data storage device may include a storage including a plurality of memory blocks composed of system memory blocks for storing system data and user memory blocks for storing user data; and a controller configured to: control exchange of the system and user data with the storage in response to a request of a host device; and determine whether a start condition for performing a garbage collection operation on the storage is satisfied, based on a number of bad memory blocks in the plurality of memory blocks.

Abstract: Provided herein may be a storage device and a method of operating the same. The storage device may include a memory device including a plurality of memory blocks, and a memory controller configured to control the memory device and perform a garbage collection operation of securing free blocks in which data is not stored, based on a sum of a number of invalid data blocks and a number of free blocks, among the plurality of memory blocks, wherein the number of invalid data blocks is determined depending on a size of invalid data stored in the plurality of memory blocks.