Abstract: In a method to operate a printer or copier to print to a printing substrate, or in such a printer or copier, toner concentrate is extracted from a toner concentrate reservoir and carrier fluid is extracted from a carrier fluid reservoir. The extracted toner concentrate and carrier fluid are supplied to a mixer where mixing occurs to form a developer mixture. The developer mixture is applied to a developer roller with aid of an electrical field. Given an exchange of least one of the toner concentration reservoir and the carrier fluid reservoir, a strength of the electrical field is modified such that a predetermined desired inking of the printing substrate is maintained even given a change of a toner concentration in the developer mixture due to the exchange.

Abstract: In a method to operate a printer or copier to print to a printing substrate, or in such a printer or copier, toner concentrate is extracted from a toner concentrate reservoir and carrier fluid is extracted from a carrier fluid reservoir. The extracted toner concentrate and carrier fluid are supplied to a mixer where mixing occurs to form a developer mixture. The developer mixture is applied to a developer roller with aid of an electrical field. Given an exchange of least one of the toner concentration reservoir and the carrier fluid reservoir, a strength of the electrical field is modified such that a predetermined desired inking of the printing substrate is maintained even given a change of a toner concentration in the developer mixture due to the exchange.

Abstract: In a method or system to operate a digital printer for double-side printing to a recording medium with toner particles applied with a liquid developer, the digital printer prints first and second sides of the recording medium in succession. Electrophoretic mobility of toner particles of a first toner image on the first side is reduced after application of said first toner image and before application of the second toner image on the second side of the recording medium. The electrophoretic mobility is reduced by drying the first toner image along a drying route in an airflow generated by a blower such that carrier fluid is thus removed from the first toner image. After the application of the second toner image on the second side of the recording medium, both the first and second toner images are simultaneously fixed.

Abstract: In a method or apparatus to optimize transfer of a developer fluid having toner embedded in a carrier fluid in an electrophoretic printing apparatus, charge images of print images are generated on an intermediate image carrier. The print images are inked into toner images by means of a developer station with the developer fluid. The toner images are transfer printed onto a printing substrate in a transfer printing zone by a transfer unit. The toner embedded in the carrier fluid is thus transported from the developer station to the intermediate image carrier in a first transport path segment and from the transfer unit to the printing substrate in a second transport path segment. A temperature acting on the carrier fluid in the first transport path segment is above a melting point of the carrier fluid, and a temperature acting on the carrier fluid in the second transport path segment is below the melting point of the carrier fluid.

Abstract: In a method or system to operate a digital printer for double-side printing to a recording medium with toner particles applied with a liquid developer, the digital printer prints first and second sides of the recording medium in succession. Electrophoretic mobility of toner particles of a first toner image on the first side is reduced after application of said first toner image and before application of the second toner image on the second side of the recording medium. The electrophoretic mobility is reduced by drying the first toner image along a drying route in an airflow generated by a blower such that carrier fluid is thus removed from the first toner image. After the application of the second toner image on the second side of the recording medium, both the first and second toner images are simultaneously fixed.

Abstract: In a method or apparatus to optimize transfer of a developer fluid having toner embedded in a carrier fluid in an electrophoretic printing apparatus, charge images of print images are generated on an intermediate image carrier. The print images are inked into toner images by means of a developer station with the developer fluid. The toner images are transfer printed onto a printing substrate in a transfer printing zone by a transfer unit. The toner embedded in the carrier fluid is thus transported from the developer station to the intermediate image carrier in a first transport path segment and from the transfer unit to the printing substrate in a second transport path segment. A temperature acting on the carrier fluid in the first transport path segment is above a melting point of the carrier fluid, and a temperature acting on the carrier fluid in the second transport path segment is below the melting point of the carrier fluid.

Abstract: A process for detecting nucleic acids, having the following steps: providing at least one nanoparticle that is functionalised for the nucleic acid to be detected by means of at least one oligonucleotide that is bound to it and that is able to hybridize with at least one segment of a nucleic acid to be detected; bringing the functionalised nanoparticle into contact with a sample in which the nucleic acid is to be detected; and measuring a property that provides information about the degree of hybridization of the at least one oligonucleotide with the nucleic acid to be detected. In addition, the process includes the step of exciting the nanoparticles to generate heat, for example by means of a photothermal effect. The invention is suitable, in particular, for high-throughput DNA analysis.