Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## in which X and Y, independently of each other, represent hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or bromine, but cannot simultaneously represent hydrogen, characterised in that compounds of the general formula II ##STR2## in which X and Y are defined as above, are reacted with aqueous ammonia under copper catalysis, and to intermediates for the preparation of compounds of the general formula I.

Abstract: An improved ceramic corundum abrasive is achieved by addition of tin. Preparation is preferably by the sol-gel process, with further modifying components such as magnesium, lithium, cobalt, yttrium, hafnium, iron, rare earths, gamma-aluminium oxide already being present in the sol.

Abstract: According to the process according to the invention, substantially fluorinated alkyl bromides, preferably perfluoroalkyl bromides, are prepared by reaction of substantially fluorinated alkyl iodides, with phase transfer catalysts in the bromide form.

Abstract: According to the process according to the invention, substantially fluorinated alkyl bromides, preferably perfluoroalkyl bromides, are prepared by reaction of substantially fluorinated alkyl iodides with organic bromine compounds in which the bromine atom is bound covalently to a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, x and y are defined as in the description, processes for their preparation, their use for improving the light stability of polyester dyeings and a dyeing process and dye preparations.

Abstract: A process for the production of a ceramic polycrystalline abrasive by the sol/gel method is characterized in that an intermediate containing aluminium hydroxide is mixed, dried, calcined and sintered with a further intermediate having different degradation properties. The further intermediate is expediently formed from a calcined aluminium hydroxide.

Abstract: .alpha.-Aminoalkylphosphonic and .alpha.-aminoalkylphosphinic acids of the formula I ##STR1## where n=1 or 0,R.sub.1 =H, CH.sub.3 or CH.sub.2 --C.sub.6 H.sub.5R.sub.2 =H (for n=1) and also=alkyl or phenyl (for n=0)are prepared by Hofmann deradation from compounds of the formula II ##STR2## wherein n and R.sub.1 have the same meaning as in formula I,R.sub.3 =alkyl (for n=1), alkyl or phenyl (for n=0), andM.sup.p+ =p-valent cation,with subsequent working up in the known manner.Some of the compounds I are biologically active, and some are intermediates for the preparation of biologically active compounds.

Abstract: A process for the production of .alpha.-aminoalkylphosphonic acids or salts thereof of the formula A ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or CH.sub.2 --C.sub.6 H.sub.5 and X hydrogen or a metal cation, which comprises reacting a compound of the formula B ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 has the same meaning as in formula A and Mp.sym. represents hydrogen or a p-valent metal cation, with a hypohalite of a p-valent metal cation, and isolating the metal salt produced or acidifying the reaction mixture obtained to produce the .alpha.-aminoalkyl-phosphonic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to an independent wheel suspension for power driven rear wheel motor vehicles, having a wheel carrier and a lower and upper linkage for this wheel carrier. The suspension system has five individual links which are hinged at the wheel side to the wheel carrier and at the body side of the vehicle, with an upper linkage being formed by a rear transverse camber strut link, and a longitudinal tension strut link extending diagonally toward the front inside. The camber strut and the tension strut, as viewed in plan, having an imaginary intersecting point located between their ends and wherein, with respect to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the linking point of the camber strut at the wheel carrier is located in front of the linking point of the tension strut and wherein a reversed arrangement exists on the body side.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing the ketals of 4-bromobutanal and of 5-bromopentanal of the formula ##STR1## which comprises reacting 2,3-dihydroguran and 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran respectively in a solvent in the presence of a catalyst with neopentylglycol and then brominating the resulting product. The invention also relates to the said ketal of 5-bromobutanal as such.

Abstract: With the fabrication of a substrate material in the form of alkaline-earth gallate single crystals it has become possible to grow monocrystalline barium hexaferrite layers of high quality. These thin barium hexaferrite layers on the alkaline-earth gallate substrates are extremely suited as magnetic devices because of their very high uniaxial anisotropy and their small line width. Such magnetic devices can be used for passive microwave components, e.g. as resonance isolators or filters in the centimeter wavelength range or as components in information storage technology, e.g. in magnetic cylindrical domain devices, especially in the field of very small (submicron) cylindrical domains.

Abstract: A fuel feed pump arrangement which includes a housing serving for accommodating both an electric motor and a feed pump system coupled to the electric motor. A diaphragm is provided in the housing with the diaphragm maintaining a system pressure for a predetermined period of time after the drive motor of the pump system has been turned off.

Abstract: A tank closure mechanism, especially for a fuel tank of an automotive vehicle, with a locking tube pertaining to the cap proper and including a pressure plate and a gasket. The locking tube is rotatable by rotating the cap housing during locking operation of the cap by a latch of a lock cylinder but remains stationary after an unlocking during a rotation of the cap housing. A clamping ring exerting a tightening clamp is rotatable together with the locking tube. A compression spring of a bayonet catch presses against the clamping ring with the spring being supported on the cap and the pressure plate. The locking tube and pressure plate are fashioned so as to be bi-partite and the pressure plate extends over the locking tube with a sliding fit or the like.

Abstract: With the fabrication of a substrate material in the form of alkaline-earth gallate single crystals it has become possible to grow monocrystalline barium hexaferrite layers of high quality. These thin barium hexaferrite layers on the alkaline-earth gallate substrates are extremely suited as magnetic devices because of their very high uniaxial anisotropy and their small line width. Such magnetic devices can be used for passive microwave components, e.g. as resonance isolators or filters in the centimeter wavelength range, or as components in information storage technology, e.g. in magnetic cylindrical domain devices, especially in the field of very small (submicron) cylindrical domains.

Abstract: A method for production of high purity antimony by producing antimony(III) oxide from hydrolysis of antimony chloride, dissolving the antimony(III) oxide in a solution containing d-sorbitol and a base, and electrolyzing the solution using insoluble electrodes.