Abstract: A module serves as a heat sink for semiconductor components. The module includes a diamond/composite substrate that carries a multilayer coating on at least one substrate surface and a housing frame made from ceramics which is soldered onto the substrate. The module excellently fulfills the demands imposed on it, namely a good ability for areally joining to the semiconductor component, a high heat transfer through the joining zone and a good electrical conductivity of the module in the joining zone.

Abstract: A module serves as a heat sink for semiconductor components. The module includes a diamond/composite substrate that carries a multilayer coating on at least one substrate surface and a housing frame made from ceramics which is soldered onto the substrate. The module excellently fulfills the demands imposed on it, namely a good ability for areally joining to the semiconductor component, a high heat transfer through the joining zone and a good electrical conductivity of the module in the joining zone.

Abstract: The manufacture of powdered feed materials for hard fine grained metal body production includes the reduction of metal oxides into powdered metal and the subsequent carburization into metal carbide. Processes currently used are very cost intensive, mainly because of very long reaction times at high temperatures. According to applicant's economical process, the above reactions occur in the range of seconds and in a high-temperature cyclone as the reaction chamber. The apparatus is rather simple to construct. The stock to undergo reaction is continuously introduced into the chamber as a solid powdered phase with reaction gas and/or carrier gas, and passes through the chamber on predetermined paths for reaction, without leaving the solid state thereby.

Abstract: The preparation of suitable powdered metal is important in powder metallurgy technology. To date, powdered metals, in particular refractory metals, have been produced using very time-consuming and, consequently, costly methods for the reduction of metallic compounds, e.g. by reducing solid metallic compounds to powdered metal in fluidized bed ovens or pusher-type furnaces. In the present invention, powdered metallic compounds are reduced by retaining the solid phase as a continuous process by particles passing through a reaction chamber to predetermined orbits. The process lasts on average 0.4 to 60 s, and the level of completeness of the process is at least 90%.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a structural element capable of carrying high thermal loads, such as a heat shield for fusion reactors. The structural element comprises components of high heat-resistant material (such as graphite) joined to metallic components. A metallic, ductile intermediate layer is applied to the components of high heat-resistant material and then, the components of high heat-resistant material and metallic components are joined by high-energy beam welding.

Abstract: The invention relates to a chromium-based alloy which has a chromium content of more than 65% by weight and the following composition: 0.005 to 5% by weight of one or more oxides of the rare earth elements and 0.1 to 32% by weight of one or more metals selected from the group comprising iron, nickel and cobalt, the remainder being chromium.The alloy may furthermore contain up to 30% by weight of one ore more metals selected from the group comprising Al, Ti, Zr and Hf, up to 10% by weight of one or more metals selected from the group comprising V, Nb, Mo, Ta, W and Re and up to 1% by weight of C and/or N and/or B and/or Si.Compared with pure chromium the alloy has a substantially improved oxidation resistance and improved corrosion resistance, in particular with respect to vanadium pentoxide.

Abstract: A material for metal components, such as bipolar plates and window foils of high-temperature fuel cell systems, has ceramic solid electrolytes made of yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide. The material includes a chromium alloy having from 3 to 10 atom % iron and from 0.5 to 5 atom % of rare earth metal and/or rare earth metal oxide, having a coefficient of thermal expansion at a temperature of 200.degree. C. amounting to from 8.5.times.10.sup.-6 to 10.5.times.10.sup.-6 per kelvin by which the temperature rises, and attaining a value at 900.degree. C. in a range from 14.times.10.sup.-6 to 15.times.10.sup.-6.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high temperature-resistant composite which consists of at least one part of molybdenum or a molybdenum alloy, and at least one part of graphite, which parts are joined together by means of a zirconium solder. A two-ply interlayer, consisting of a 0.01-0.5 mm thick layer of vanadium, and a 0.1-0.5 mm thick layer of tungsten, tantalum or niobium, is arranged between the part of molybdenum or the molybdenum alloy and the zirconium solder. The layer structure substantially prevents the formation of a eutectic between molybdenum or the molybdenum alloy and the zirconium solder, thereby preventing the reduction of the maximum permissible use temperature of the composite.

Abstract: An actively cooled device, such as a heat shield for a fusion reactor, includes elements (10) of a heat-resistant material, particularly graphite, each being provided with at least one recess having a circular cross section, particularly a groove (14), into which a cooling pipe (16) conducting a coolant is brazed directly and with surface contact. This produces an effective dissipation of heat from the elements and a more durable connection of the elements with the cooling pipe or pipes.