Abstract: A hardenable chromium-nickel steel, comprising 0.005 to 0.12% carbon, 9 to 17% chromium, 5 to 12% nickel, at most 3% cobalt, 0.5 to 4% molybdenum, 0.25 to 1.0% silicon, 0.5% to 3.0% manganese, 1 to 3% titanium, 0.25 to 1% vanadium, 0.05 to 0.5% niobium, 0.001 to 0.30% nitrogen, at most 0.5% tantalum, 0.001 to 0.030% sulfur, 0.2 to 2.0% copper, at most 0.5% tungsten, at most 1.5% aluminum, 0.0001 to 0.01% boron, and at most 0.035% phosphorus, remainder iron including impurities resulting from smelting, is suitable in particular as a material for producing wire by drawing in the 3-phase region of ?-martensite, ?-martensite, and austenite, in conjunction with a heat treatment. The wire can be used for components for instrument construction, surgical needles, valve pins, and dental braces.

Abstract: A chromium steel alloy having 0.4 to 0.75% of carbon, 0.4 to 1.6% of manganese, 12 to 19% of chromium, up to 0.2% of nickel, up to 0.7% of silicon, 0.5 to 1.5% of molybdenum, up to 1.5% of tungsten, 0.05 to 0.3% of vanadium and (% Ti/% Nb), 0.02 to 0.15% of sulfur, up to 0.1% of nitrogen and up to 0.008% of boron, remainder iron including smelting-related impurities. This steel alloy is distinguished by good processability, resistance to corrosion, resistance to abrasion, a high resistance to heat up to 300° C. and above, and a high rigidity.

Abstract: A chromium steel alloy having 0.4 to 0.75% of carbon, 0.4 to 1.6% of manganese, 12 to 19% of chromium, up to 0.2% of nickel, up to 0.7% of silicon, 0.5 to 1.5% of molybdenum, up to 1.5% of tungsten, 0.05 to 0.3% of vanadium and (% Ti/% Nb), 0.02 to 0.15% of sulfur, up to 0.1% of nitrogen and up to 0.008% of boron, remainder iron including smelting-related impurities. This steel alloy is distinguished by good processability, resistance to corrosion, resistance to abrasion, a high resistance to heat up to 300° C. and above, and a high rigidity.

Abstract: A cold-workable, corrosion-resistant ferritic chromium steel, comprising 0,005 to 0.1% of carbon, 0.2 to 1.2% of silicon, 0,4 to 2.0% of manganese, 8 to 20% of chromium, 0.1 to 1.2% of molybdenum, 0.01 to 0.5% of nickel, 0.5 to 2.0% of copper, 0.001 to 0.6% of bismuth, 0.002 to 0.01% of vanadium, 0.002 to 0.1% of titanium, 0.002 to 0.1% of niobium, 0.15 to 0.8% of sulfur and 0.001 to 0.08% of sulfur and 0.001 to 0.08% of nitrogen, remainder iron including smelting-related impurities, is suitable as a material for precision-mechanics applications and precision appliances, in particular spinning and spraying nozzles, tips and heads for writing implements, on account of its good mechanical processibility, in particular its good machinability, its good wear resistance and surface quality.

Abstract: A process for separating a liquid eutectic mixture by crystallization of one eutectic forming substance of the mixture on a cold surface to which seed crystals of the eutectic forming substance have been applied in the form of a seed crystal layer, and subsequent removal of the eutectic forming substance in liquid form after heating of the surface.

Abstract: The combination of valves consists of a double passage cross-over spherical valve with which at least one other single passage spherical valve is connected in series. The passage of the cross-over spherical valve under high pressure is connected to the partition column of a gas chromatograph or liquid chromatograph while the other passage is intended for introducing the sample and is under atmospheric pressure when the sample is injected.

Abstract: Copolymers of(A) perfluoroalkylethyl acrylate C.sub.n F.sub.2n+1 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCOCH.dbd.CH.sub.2(b) higher alkyl acrylate C.sub.m H.sub.2m+1 OCOCH.dbd.CH.sub.2(c) vinylidene chloride CH.sub.2 .dbd.CCl.sub.2(D) acroylbutylurethane CH.sub.2 .dbd.CH--CONHCOOC.sub.4 H.sub.9 at the weight ratio of 1(A) : 0.22-0.39(B) : 0.45-0.85(C) : 0.01-0.15(D) n being 6, 8, 10, 12 or 14 and m being a number from 10 to 16.They are prepared by conventional methods for preparing copolymers and are used as oil - and water repellents for porous materials, especially textile materials.