Abstract: An amine is prepared by cleaving a carbamate of the formula I wherein R1=hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or phenyl group, R2=alkyl, aryl or phenyl group, wherein R1 and R2 are independently substituted or unsubstituted, wherein the cleaving of the carbamate is performed in the presence of an acid of the formula II wherein R3, R4 and R5 are independently alkyl or phenyl group, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are the same or different.

Abstract: An amine is prepared by cleaving a carbamate of the formula I wherein R1=hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or phenyl group, R2=alkyl, aryl or phenyl group, wherein R1 and R2 are independently substituted or unsubstituted, wherein the cleaving of the carbamate is performed in the presence of an acid of the formula II wherein R3, R4 and R5 are independently alkyl or phenyl group, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are the same or different.

Abstract: A process for preparing diols or triols made up of a1) reacting at least one monoolefin having 4 to 20 carbon atoms with hydrogen peroxide and formic acid in the presence of water to form a mixture or a2) reacting at least one monoolefin alcohol having 4 to 20 carbon atoms first with formic acid, and then reacting the product formed thereby with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of water to form a mixture, b) removing, by distillation, the water and formic acid from the mixture obtained in a1) or a2), c) reacting the mixture obtained from b) with an aliphatic alcohol in the presence of a sulfonic acid to form the diol or triol and at least one formic ester by-product, and d) optionally removing, by distillation, the at least one formic ester by-product formed together with any residual at least one aliphatic C1-C4-alcohol to isolate the diol or triol.

Abstract: A process for isolating purified 2-methoxypropene from a mixture which comprises 2,2-dimethoxypropane, 2-methoxypropene, methanol, acetone, and optionally other carbonyl group-containing compounds, which process involves subjecting the mixture to distillation, adding 2-aminoethanol and at least one base as assistants in the distillation, and isolating purified 2-methoxypropene.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fragrance composition which has, as fixative, at least one ionic liquid, and to the preparation and use thereof. The fragrance compositions according to the invention are advantageous since the ionic liquid, being a polar solvent which has as it were no vapor pressure, can delay the evaporation of the base scent components in a targeted manner. The large choice of ionic liquids allows the rate of evaporation of the scent components to be adjusted precisely. Since the polarity of the ionic liquids can be varied by means of the structure of the cations and/or anions within wide ranges, the ionic liquids used as fixative can be matched precisely to the chemicophysical and/or olfactory requirements of the scent component.

Abstract: A process for preparing diols or triols made up of a1) reacting at least one monoolefin having 4 to 20 carbon atoms with hydrogen peroxide and formic acid in the presence of water to form a mixture or a2) reacting at least one monoolefin alcohol having 4 to 20 carbon atoms first with formic acid, and then reacting the product formed thereby with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of water to form a mixture, b) removing, by distillation, the water and formic acid from the mixture obtained in a1) or a2), c) reacting the mixture obtained from b) with an aliphatic alcohol in the presence of a sulfonic acid to form the diol or triol and at least one formic ester by-product, and d) optionally removing, by distillation, the at least one formic ester by-product formed together with any residual at least one aliphatic C1-C4-alcohol to isolate the diol or triol.

Abstract: A process for isolating purified 2-methoxypropene from a mixture which comprises 2,2-dimethoxypropane, 2-methoxypropene, methanol, acetone, and optionally other carbonyl group-containing compounds, which process involves subjecting the mixture to distillation, adding 2-aminoethanol and at least one base as assistants in the distillation, and isolating purified 2-methoxypropene.

Abstract: A salt-free process for preparing cyclobutanone, including isomerizing cyclopropylmethanol, preferably in aqueous solution, in the presence of an acidic heterogeneous catalyst to form cyclobutanol and, preferably after extraction and removal of the extractant, dehydrogenating the cyclobutanol over a heterogeneous catalyst.

Abstract: A salt-free process for preparing cyclobutanone, including isomerizing cyclopropylmethanol, preferably in aqueous solution, in the presence of an acidic heterogeneous catalyst to form cyclobutanol and, preferably after extraction and removal of the extractant, dehydrogenating the cyclobutanol over a heterogeneous catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a macrocyclic ester of the general formula: in which m is an integer from 6 to 14 and n is an integer from 2 to 12.

Abstract: A method is provided for the preparation of a pimelic ester of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be identical or different, and are linear or branched saturated alkyl substituents having from 1 to 10 carbons or araliphatic radicals having 7 to 10 carbon atoms; R.sup.3 is H or a hydrocarbon radical of one to six carbon atoms, and n is an integer of from 0 to 3; wherein the method entails:reacting a salt, formed from reaction of a 2-oxocyclohexanecarboxylic ester with a strong base, with an alcohol at a temperature of 50.degree.-250.degree. C., to cause ring opening.

Abstract: Alkylphenyl alkyl ethers or alkylphenyl alkyl thioethers, of the formula ##STR1## where U represents O or S; and R.sub.1 -R.sub.6 each independently represent an alkyl or aryl group with 1-6 C atoms, but R.sub.1 -R.sub.5 may each independently represent a functional group other than these, particularly --COOR (R=C.sub.1-4 alkyl), --NO.sub.2, --NH.sub.2, --O--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --OH, --OH, --CHO, --H, or -halogen;R.sub.1 -R.sub.5 may be bridged by suitable bifunctional substituents, such as, e.g., --(CH.sub.2).sub.x --, or --(CH.sub.2).sub.x --Z--(CH.sub.2).sub.y -- (where Z represents a hetero atom; x=0-7 and y=0-7), or by unsaturated substituents or anellated ring systems; may be produced in high space-time yield by reacting the corresponding phenol or thiophenol with a arylalkyl carbonate at a temperature of 70.degree.-300.degree. C. under elevated or normal pressure, in the presence of a monocyclic, bicyclic, polycyclic, or acyclic amidine as a catalyst.