Abstract: A stepladder having front stiles with steps extending therebetween, rear stiles connected to the front stiles in a hinged manner, a connecting member extending between the top ends of the front stiles, and a U-shaped bracket, extending from the connecting member which can swivel and/or slide and which spans a plane extending transversely to the stepladder in the usage position. Connecting member has a through-hole, said through-hole enabling a connection to the cavity of the front stiles, each through-hole is penetrated by a respective side limb of the bracket, in a first position of the bracket the side limbs extend within the cavities and the cross limb be accommodated by the connecting member, and in a second position of the bracket, said bracket extends on the plane extending transversely to the stepladder and the side limbs extend outside the cavities and are supported at the ends on the connecting member.

Abstract: Platform units for scaffolding must be light and strong in design and be usable without risk of accident. Therefore, all their parts are designed for a long service life, and should also be included in the static analysis. High rigidity of the corner joints of the rectangular support frame for the platform unit is thereby advantageous as well as having the narrowest possible gaps between adjacent platform units. The invention uses for this purpose, a three-dimensional arrangement of the mounting brackets on the support frames, which combine relative structural symmetry with the fact that the mounting brackets are offset, and thus permit a narrow gap formation between the platform units. The corner joints of the support frames are, in spite of their light construction, resistant to distortion and any uncertainty due to the use of wooden planks for the floor surface is avoided by using a friendly holding frame.

Abstract: Working platforms for scaffolding must be light and functional and easily stackable. It must therefore be possible to include all their components with a long useful life in the static calculations as well. The requirements include both great rigidity in the corner joint of a rectangular bearing frame for the working platform and the smallest possible gaps between adjacent platforms. Above all, however, the smallest possible number of components must be used to keep the costs of such a working platform within limits. To this end the invention makes use of a U-shaped folded footplate (2) clamped between the longitudinal bearing members (11) of the bearing frame. If, in addition, at least the longitudinal bearing members (11) are rectangular hollow sections, no dirt or residual building material can enter the working platform.

Abstract: Scaffoldings are usually either movable or fixed. Structures usable for both are usually too bulky and complicated, and therefore not suitable for general use. The invention provides a solution because the platforms are interchangeable on the scaffolding frames and the frame components are equipped with a grid for the connection components of the other structural components involved. The frame components are thereby, in spite of the extensive use of light structural sections, extraordinarily torsion resistant. The invention can be designed to be extensively modular.

Abstract: A clamp connector for scaffolding must not only make it possible to join two scaffolding components rapidly and securely but also be inexpensive to manufacture, have a long life and be suitable for use with a wide variety of scaffolding designs. To this end, the invention calls for there to be an aperture (PA) in each of the shaped-section bars of the scaffolding units to be fixed together, the aperture being designed to hold a crossbar (12) and to be locked by a moving clamp (6).

Abstract: Mobile scaffoldings must fulfill many different purposes, which, among others, are characterized by variously wide platforms being needed at different distances from structures. An inventive arrangement is adaptable to a degree that it meets many demands. Movable crossbeams changeable on cross-traverses are provided for this purpose in the area of the undercarriage, on which crossbeams are fastened to the posts for the frames connected with the platforms.

Abstract: A cross member construction for use at the foot of ladders having a cross bar fastened to the sidepieces of the ladder and extending laterally outwardly from both side edges thereof. In order to be able to safely set up the ladder on a ground surface having a great disparity in levelness, a support element is fastened to at least one end area of the cross bar to extend the effective length of the cross bar, which support element has an elevationally adjustable support arm thereon.

Abstract: In a multi-purpose ladder of the invention there are disposed on bores (30) in the left and right halves (8, 9) of a second joint element (5) curved recesses (39), not shown here and shaped corresponding to the pivot movement of an operating lever (40), for containing bearings (31) of a release lever (32). Arms (33) of the release lever (32), which cooperates with the operating lever (40), are connected with each other by means of a bar (34) having a recess (35). Protrusions (37) are formed at bearings (31) of the release lever (32) by deep drawing of side wall portion of the arms (33). A cam (42) of a first elbow (41) of the operating lever (40) can be inserted into the bearings (31), the operating lever (40) being securely guided by the recess (35) in the bar (34). The cam (42) comprises an upper semicircular part (43 ) and a key bit (44), not shown here, the semicircular part (43) having an oblique surface (43a) and the key bit (44) an oblique surface (44a) at a front face (45) of the cam (42).

Abstract: A collapsible multi-purpose ladder has ladder stringers which are connected by joints which are arranged in pairs, can be locked in several operating positions, and each have two joint parts which are pivotal about a common joint axle. The first joint part has a two-cup locking disk which is concentric with respect to the joint axle and, along its circumference, has notches which are distributed to correspond to the various operating positions. The notches can receive a spring-loaded locking part which is guided for longitudinal movement on the second joint part, which grips over the first joint part. The locking part can be moved out of a notch of the locking disk by a release lever which is pivotally supported on the second joint part and the release levers of the two joints which are associated with the two ladder stringers are operatively connected by a rod.