Abstract: An optical switch includes a substrate with a waveguide-coupling area and a fluid channel with an anti-wetting layer on a first surface. First and second fluids are on the anti-wetting layer in the fluid channel and at least one fluid is selectively movable relative to the waveguide-fluid coupling area. A fluidic driving mechanism has at least one electrode positioned to apply an electric field to at least one of the fluids in the fluid channel and is capable of moving at least one of the fluids in the fluid channel. The anti-wetting layer has an alkyl silane coating, which includes alkyl silane molecules covalently bonded to the first surface of the fluid channel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filter apparatus, especially intended for incorporation into a fluid reservoir tank (10) with at least one preferably exchangeable filter element (18) through which fluid can flow from the inside outward and which is surrounded, in each case maintaining a presettable radial distance and with formation of a fluid flow space (66), by a housing wall (44) which has a plurality of passage sites of which some are arranged below the particular adjustable fluid level (68) in the reservoir tank (10) and the rest are arranged above this fluid level (68). The invention further relates to a filter element for this kind of apparatus.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a support part, in particular, for use with a filter element. Said support part is shaped in the form of a support tube (10) provided with through holes for fluid (12), the periphery thereof forming a bearing surface (14) for the filter material, wherein at least one annular shaped head (16) is applied, separating the bearing surface (14) into partial bearing surfaces (18). By reducing the free bead cross-section and by forming a support ring (24), the adjacent opposite bead edges (22) of the respective associated bead (16) are arranged on top of each other in order to achieve high stability and functional reliability. The invention also relates to a filter element which is produced according to said method. method.

Abstract: A fermenter for use in biotechnical processes in particular for culturing cells is disclosed. The object, to provide a fermenter vessel (1) the inner volume of which can be optically monitored and which fermenter vessel can also be efficiently sterilized, is achieved by a fermenter vessel (1) having an outside wall (2) enclosing a vessel volume with a view port (7) being provided in the outside wall (2) for inspecting processes within the vessel volume, the view port (7) having a transparent member (8) wherein the transparent member (8) is provided with a heating device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel pyridazinone derivatives of the general formula (I) wherein A is A1 or A2; R is unsubstituted or at least monosubstituted C1-C10-alkyl, aryl, aryl-(C1-C10-alkyl)-, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-(C1-C10-alkyl)-, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-(C1-C10-alkyl)-, C3-C10-cycloalkyl, polycycloalkyl, C2-C10-alkenyl or C2-C10-alkinyl and Ar is unsubstituted or at least monosubstituted aryl or heteroaryl.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel pyridazinone derivatives of the general formula (I) wherein A is A1 or A2; R is unsubstituted or at least monosubstituted C1-C10-alkyl, aryl, aryl-(C1-C10-alkyl)-, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-(C1-C10-alkyl)-, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-(C1-C10-alkyl)-, C3-C10-cycloalkyl, polycycloalkyl, C2-C10-alkenyl or C2-C10-alkinyl and Ar is unsubstituted or at least monosubstituted aryl or heteroaryl.

Abstract: A one way braking device has a first sealed chamber filled with a viscous fluid, a braking rotor being rotably supported within the chamber, a housing or the braking rotor, respectively, coacting with a pinion which in turn cooperates with a tooth rod or a gear or the like. The first housing is floatingly supported in a second chamber of a second housing. The circumference of the first housing and a locking portion of the wall of the second chamber are formed such that a positive interengagement between the first and second housings takes place if by a linear first force component the first housing and the locking portion are moved against each other. A free running between the first and second housings is effected when a second force component opposite to the first component effects between the first and second housings.

Abstract: A one way braking device has a first sealed chamber filled with a viscous fluid, a braking rotor being rotably supported within the chamber, a housing or the braking rotor, respectively, coacting with a pinion which in turn cooperates with a tooth rod or a gear or the like. The first housing is floatingly supported in a second chamber of a second housing. The circumference of the first housing and a locking portion of the wall of the second chamber are formed such that a positive interengagement between the first and second housings takes place if by a linear first force component the first housing and the locking portion are moved against each other. A free running between the first and second housings is effected when a second force component opposite to the first component effects between the first and second housings.

Abstract: An inner actuator for automobile doors includes a lever-like handle adapted to be pivoted about an axis within a housing which is attached to the door, a linkage or an actuating cable which is led to a door lock and engages the handle, a spring which biases the handle into a rest position, a damper which is connected to a portion of the handle such that the movement of the handle into the rest position is damped, whereby a linear damper is provided which is linked to the door with one end and to a portion of the handle with the other end.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel pyridazinone derivatives of the general formula (I) wherein A is A1 or A2; R is unsubstituted or at least monosubstituted C1-C10-alkyl, aryl, aryl-(C1-C10-alkyl)-, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-(C1-C10-alkyl)-, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-(C1-C10-alkyl)-, C3-C10-cycloalkyl, polycycloalkyl, C2-C10-alkenyl or C2-C10-alkinyl and Ar is unsubstituted or at least monosubstituted aryl or heteroaryl.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel pyridazinone derivatives of the general formula (I) 1

Abstract: Processes for determining whether a test substance contains lipases or lipase inhibitors are provided. Processes for determining the activity of lipases or lipase inhibitors are also provided. Furthermore, processes for the preparation of micelle or vesicle substrates comprising monoacylglyceride having a fluorescent label are described.

Abstract: A one way braking means comprising a first sealed chamber filled with a viscous fluid, a braking rotor being rotably supported within the chamber, a housing or the braking rotor, respectively, coacting with a pinion which in turn cooperates with a tooth rod or a gear or the like, characterized in that the first housing is floatingly supported in a second chamber of a second housing, the circumference of the first housing and a locking portion of the wall of the second chamber are formed such that a positive interengagement between first and second housing takes place if by a linear first force component the first housing and the locking portion are moved against each other and that a free running between first and second housing is effected when a second force component opposite to the first component effects between first and second housing.

Abstract: The device includes a conveyor element for supplying separator strip in a first plane, a device for cutting sections from the separator strip, another conveyor element for preparing the separator strip sections at one folding site and a unit for supplying plates to be jacketed to the folding site in a second plane perpendicular to the first plane. Next to the plane in which the separator strip section is prepared at the folding site, there is a negatively pressurized roller as the device for tensioning the separator strip section prepared in the folding site. In the area of the folding site on the side of the plane in which a separator strip section is prepared at the folding site which is opposite the side from which the plate to be jacketed is supplied, there is a pair of folding rollers.

Abstract: Inner actuation means for doors of automobiles comprising a lever-like handle adapted to be pivoted about an axis within a housing which is attached to the door, a linkage or an actuating cable which is led to a door lock and engages the handle, spring means which bias the handle into a rest position, a damper which is connected to a portion of the handle such that the movement of the handle into the rest position is damped, whereby a linear damper (30) is provided which is linked to the door with one end and to a portion of the handle with the other hand.

Abstract: An air damper for a movably supported structural part in automobiles comprises a hollow cylinder closed at one end thereof, a closure cap mounted on the other end of the cylinder, a piston slidably guided within the cylinder, an annular recess at the circumference of the piston, and an annular sealing ring in the recess. The block-like sealing ring is made of a thermoplastic elastomer coated with a layer which has the same static and sliding frictions with the inner wall of the cylinder and the bottom of the recess. A coil spring is placed between the closure cap and the piston. A piston rod of the piston has an elongated rib contacting the spring when the spring is in a relieved state.

Abstract: A device for producing pockets for plates (10) of batteries has a conveyor element (1) for supply of separator strip in a first plane (11), a means (4, 5) for cutting the separator strip sections from the supplied separator strip, another conveyor element (2) for preparing the separator strip sections at one folding site (15) and a unit (9) for supply of the plates (10) which are to be jacketed to the folding site (15) in a second plane which is perpendicular to the first plane (11). Next to the plane (11) in which the separator strip section is prepared at the folding site (15), with reference to the feed direction of the separator strip section after the folding rollers (13, 14) there is a negatively pressurized roller (17) as the device (16) for tensioning the separator strip section which is prepared in the folding site (15).

Abstract: An air damper for a movably supported structural part, in particular in automobiles, comprising the following features:

Abstract: A device for dampening the movement of a pivotally supported structural part, for example, a flap or closure within an automobile, comprises a pivot arm attached to the structural part, and a rack operatively connected to the pivot arm. A housing is rotatably supported upon a support surface or member, and a rotor is rotatably disposed within the housing along with a viscous fluid which tends to dampen rotary motion of the rotor. The rotor also comprises a pinion which is enmeshed with the rack, and the housing comprises a pair of guides for confining movement of the rack in a translational or rectilinear mode while maintaining the rack enmeshed with the rotor pinion. Consequently, when the flap or closure is either opened or closed, the flap or closure is moved in a dampened mode due to the movement of the pivot arm and the rack relative to the dampened rotor pinion.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of sulfated alkanol oxethylates or alkylphenol oxethylates is described. After completion of the reaction with SO.sub.3, 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, relative to the alkanol oxethylates or alkylphenol oxethylates employed, of at least one of the following compounds: water, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol or n-heptane are admixed to the reaction mixture and liquid and gas are subsequently separated at a temperature of 20.degree. to 60.degree. C. The liquid is then neutralized with aqueous alkali as customary and leads to ether sulfate/water mixtures with considerably reduced contents of 1,4-dioxane which can either be used without further aftertreatment or with a considerably reduced outlay in terms of aftertreatment as personal hygiene agents and for various other purposes.