Abstract: With the constant increase in spindle speeds, the attachment of the bobbin to the spindle becomes more difficult. To avoid detachable bobbins, the bobbin is integrated with the spindle. The spindle is installed together with its integrated bobbin. Yarn is wound on the spindle bobbin. In a modified version, there is a bobbin core tube firmly attached around and on the spindle core.

Abstract: A false-twist apparatus has three parallel shafts carrying interleaved sets of friction disks interconnected by drive belts for joint rotation; one of these shafts is journaled in a stationary mounting plate while the others are journaled in a carrier pivotally connected with that plate for swinging about a fulcrum offset from the three shaft axes whereby two of the disk sets can be separated to facilitate the introduction of a yarn into the intervening twisting region. A whorl on the carrier-supported shaft nearest the fulcrum is normally driven by frictional contact with a continuously moving tangential belt but is disengaged from that belt in the swung-out position of the carrier so that the disks are arrested during introduction of the yarn.