Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for detecting and measuring cylindrical surfaces on fireproof ceramic components in metallurgical applications.

Abstract: A substantially copper-free friction material for a brake pad includes a binder forming approximately 8-18% by volume, a fiber forming 5-14% by volume, at least one lubricant forming up to 6% by volume, at least one abrasive forming 10-27% by volume, at least one carbon content component forming 36-51% by volume, and at least one filler forming 6-21% by volume. The friction material can be applied to the backing plate of a brake pad.

Abstract: A frictional false twisting unit including a plurality of driven shafts, a driven pulley on one of the shafts, an externally arranged motor with a drive shaft, an endless loop toothed belt between the drive shaft and the driven pulley. The shafts are on a carriage or base plate which is moveable or swingable with respect to either the motor or a base plate on which the motor is disposed. The shaft carrying base plate or carriage is movable to slacken the toothed belt, enabling removal of the driven pulley from the toothed belt and removal of the shafts from the unit. The thread monitoring devices of the unit remain with the unit while the shafts are removed. Channels for the lateral runs of the toothed belt prevent excessive spread of the belt when it is slack and when the driven pulley is removed. A guide beneath the belt prevents the belt from moving down axially when the belt is slack and the driven pulley is removed.

Abstract: In a friction false-twisting unit including three parallel spindles supported on a mount and each spindle carrying a stack of friction disks and the friction disks of the various spindles being interleaved, the thread to be threaded into the unit passing from an upper thread guide above the ends of the spindles, over a thread guide arm which holds the thread away from contact with the disks, and to a feeder system below the other end of the spindles. A support lever is movable between an operative position which holds the drive whorl for the spindles in contact with an operating belt and an inoperative position at which the spindle mount is moved to separate the drive whorl from the belt. The thread guide arm is on the support lever to be moved to the position holding the thread away from the disk when the support lever is moved to the inoperative position of the unit.

Abstract: Two complete friction false-twisting units are disposed within a very narrow space on only a single base plate. Only one pivot mount is provided for the base plate, whereby the drive whorls of each of the two units can be pivoted toward and away from the drive belt. The capacity of a thread texturing machine can be doubled thereby.

Abstract: An asbestos-free friction material useful for brake linings, clutches, etc. comprising 5 to 25% by weight of a hardenable binder or binder mixture, a reinforcing fibrous material and conventional fillers, abrasives and lubricants the said reinforcing material consisting essentially of 1 to 50% by weight of diabase fibers with an average fiber length of 100 to 750 .mu.m and 1 to 44% by weight of metal fibers, metal wool or metal in the form of chips, powder or lamella, especially steel.

Abstract: An asbestos-free friction material useful for brake linings, clutches, etc. comprising 5 to 25% by weight of a hardenable binder or binder mixture, 1 to 70% by weight of a reinforcing fibrous material and conventional additives, the said reinforcing material consisting essentially of 2.5 to 12% by weight of aramide fibers, 6 to 25% by weight of mineral fibers and 16 to 36% by weight of steel fibers and optionally 5 to 20% by weight of powdered mica.

Abstract: A false-twist apparatus has a support defining three generally parallel and radially spaced axes surrounding a central axially extending twisting region. Respective shafts are journaled in this support for rotation about the axes and carry respective staggered sets of axially spaced disks whose rims radially overlap at the twisting region. Yarn eyes above and below the sets of disks are axially aligned with this twisting region so that a yarn to be false-twisted can pass axially through the lower eye, then zigzag along the regions in contact with the disks, and then pass axially out through the other eye. All of the disks are permanently joined and synchronously rotated. A holder displaceable in a straight line on the apparatus support carries a plurality of arms having yarn-pushing tips that can push a yarn to be false-twisted radially into the region.