Abstract: The invention relates to azaphospholenes of the type ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be alkyl, aryl and aralkyl groups, processes for preparing same and the use thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to azaphospholenes of the type ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be alkyl, aryl and aralkyl groups, processes for preparing same and the use thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to azaphospholene of the type ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be alkyl, aryl and aralkyl groups, processes for preparing same and the use thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the dimerization of derivatives of acrylic acid in the homogeneous phase which process is characterized in that a compound having the general formula H.sub.2 C.dbd.CR.sup.1 -COOR.sup.2, wherein R.sup.1 represents H or a linear alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and R.sup.2 represents a linear alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, is reacted in a solvent at a temperature of from -50.degree. C. to +50.degree. C. in the presence of nickel compounds as catalysts which contain complex anions X in a molar ratio Ni:X=1:1 and organic or hydride ligands and are modifed with phosphanes having the general formula PR.sub.2 R', wherein R and R' may be same or different and represent alkyl residues having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or phenyl residues, as well as the use of the dimers formed in the dimerization.

Abstract: Optically active compounds are prepared from optically inactive unsaturated hydrocarbons by reacting at least one unsaturated hydrocarbon in the presence of a catalyst prepared by combining a nickel compound, a Lewis acid and an optically active phosphine of the general formulaPR'R"R'"in which R', R" and R'" are hydrocarbon radicals, thereby forming optically active compounds having chiral centers formed by the carbon-to-carbon linkages. The optically active compounds can be polymerized to provide optically active polymers.

Abstract: Optically active compounds are prepared from optically inactive unsaturated hydrocarbons by reacting at least one unsaturated hydrocarbon in the presence of a catalyst prepared by combining a nickel compound, a Lewis acid and an optically active phosphine of the general formulaPR'R"R"'in which R', R" and R"' are hydrocarbon radicals, thereby forming optically active compounds having chiral centers formed by the carbon-to-carbon linkages. The optically active compounds can be polymerized to provide optically active polymers.

Abstract: Complexes of nickel or cobalt with phosphine, phosphite, stilbene or arsine ligands, especially nickel-phosphine complexes, useful as catalysts.

Abstract: Process for reacting an H-acidic organic compound, in which the acidic H-atom is bonded to the organic radical by an oxygen or a sulphur atom, e.g. an alcohol, with a metal having a standard potential which is more positive than -1.66 volts and which at most incompletely reacts with the H-acidic compound under current-free conditions, e.g. Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Sb, Cu, or Au. The H-acidic compound or a solution thereof is a polar solvent is made conducting by addition of a soluble salt of chlorine, bromine or iodine, and is electrolyzed at a temperature of up to 150.degree. C, using said metal as the anode, for production of the alcoholate.

Abstract: Optically active compounds are prepared from optically inactive unsaturated hydrocarbons by reacting at least one unsaturated hydrocarbon in the presence of a catalyst prepared by combining a nickel compound, a Lewis acid and an optically active phosphine of the general formulaPR'R"R'"in which R', R" and R'" are hydrocarbon radicals, thereby forming optically active compounds having chiral centers formed by the carbon-to-carbon linkages. The optically active compounds can be polymerized to provide optically active polymers.

Abstract: Process of producing nickel alcoholates by reacting .pi.-allyl nickel compounds with carbonyl compounds. The nickel alcoholates so produced can be hydrolyzed to their corresponding alcohols and these alcohols can in part be dehydrated to their corresponding olefins. The nickel alcoholate products are useful for the production of their corresponding alcohols and these alcohols are useful for the production of their corresponding olefins.

Abstract: A series of mono, bi and tricarbocyclic compounds, most of which have olefinic unsaturation in the ring, which may or may not have substituents thereon. While the bi and tricyclic rings may be unsubstituted, these compounds which have olefinic unsaturation, particularly multiple olefinic unsaturation, are polymerizable and copolymerizable in known polymerization systems. They are particularly good crosslinking agents. These compounds are further useful in the sense that they can be cleaved oxidatively, to corresponding carboxylic acids, aldehydes and/or alcohols which have known utility in the plasticizer and detergent arts. The compounds which do not have olefinic unsaturation can also be oxidatively cleaved to produce oxygenated, e.g., acid, alcohol or aldehyde, compounds having known utility.

Abstract: A series of mono, bi and tricarbocyclic compounds, most of which have olefinic unsaturation in the ring, which may or may not have substituents thereon. While the bi and tricyclic rings may be unsubstituted, these compounds which have olefinic unsaturation, particularly multiple olefinic unsaturation, are polymerizable and copolymerizable in known polymerization systems. They are particularly good crosslinking agents. These compounds are further useful in the sense that they can be cleaved oxidatively, to corresponding carboxylic acids, aldehydes and/or alcohols which have known utility in the plasticizer and detergent arts. The compounds which do not have olefinic unsaturation can also be oxidatively cleaved to produce oxygenated, e.g., acid, alcohol or aldehyde, compounds having known utility.

Abstract: A series of mono, bi and tricarbocyclic compounds, most of which have olefinic unsaturation in the ring, which may or may not have substituents thereon. While the bi and tricyclic rings may be unsubstituted, these compounds which have olefinic unsaturation, particularly multiple olefinic unsaturation, are polymerizable and copolymerizable in known polymerization systems. They are particularly good crosslinking agents. These compounds are further useful in the sense that they can be cleaved oxidatively, to corresponding carboxylic acids, aldehydes and/or alcohols which have known utility in the plasticizer and detergent arts. The compounds which do not have olefinic unsaturation can also be oxidatively cleaved to produce oxygenated, e.g., acid, alcohol or aldehyde, compounds having known utility.

Abstract: A series of mono, bi and tricarbocyclic compounds, most of which have olefinic unsaturation in the ring, which may or may not have substituents thereon. While the bi and tricyclic rings may be unsubstituted, these compounds which have olefinic unsaturation, particularly multiple olefinic unsaturation, are polymerizable and copolymerizable in known polymerization systems. They are particularly good crosslinking agents. These compounds are further useful in the sense that they can be cleaved oxidatively, to corresponding carboxylic acids, aldehydes and/or alcohols which have known utility in the plasticizer and detergent arts. The compounds which do not have olefinic unsaturation can also be oxidatively cleaved to produce oxygenated, e.g., acid, alcohol or aldehyde, compounds having known utility.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel nickel alcoholates and alcohols thereof and to a process of preparing said novel nickel alcoholates and alcohols.

Abstract: A series of mono, bi and tricarbocyclic compounds, most of which have olefinic unsaturation in the ring, which may or may not have substituents thereon. While the bi and tricyclic rings may be unsubstituted, these compounds which have olefinic unsaturation, particularly multiple olefinic unsaturation, are polymerizable and copolymerizable in known polymerization systems. They are particularly good crosslinking agents. These compounds are further useful in the sense that they can be cleaved oxidatively, to corresponding carboxylic acids, aldehydes and/or alcohols which have known utility in the plasticizer and detergent arts. The compounds which do not have olefinic unsaturation can also be oxidatively cleaved to produce oxygenated, e.g., acid, alcohol or aldehyde, compounds having known utility.

Abstract: Cyclocooligomerization of at least one conjugated diene and an alkyl acrylate in the presence of a non-carbonyl containing, zero-valent nickel complex compound catalyst to form an olefinically unsaturated alicyclic ring compound having the non-hydrocarbon functional group pendent from the ring.

Abstract: A series of mono, bi and tricarbocyclic compounds, most of which have olefinic unsaturation in the ring, which may or may not have substituents thereon. While the bi and tricyclic rings may be unsubstituted, these compounds which have olefinic unsaturation, particularly multiple olefinic unsaturation, are polymerizable and copolymerizable in known polymerization systems. They are particularly good crosslinking agents. These compounds are further useful in the sense that they can be cleaved oxidatively, to corresponding carboxylic acids, aldehydes and/or alcohols which have known utility in the plasticizer and detergent arts. The compounds which do not have olefinic unsaturation can also be oxidatively cleaved to produce oxygenated, e.g., acid, alcohol or aldehyde, compounds having known utility.

Abstract: Carbonyl-free complexes of nickel or cobalt with an olefinic compound which are useful as catalysts.

Abstract: Optically active compounds are prepared from optically inactive unsaturated hydrocarbons by reacting at least one unsaturated hydrocarbon in the presence of a catalyst prepared by combining a nickel compound, a Lewis acid and an optically active phosphine of the general formulaPR'R"R'"in which R', R" and R' " are hydrocarbon radicals, thereby forming optically active compounds having chiral centers formed by the carbon-to-carbon linkages. The optically active compounds can be polymerized to provide optically active polymers.