Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to lithium metal oxyfluorides. In one aspect, a method for manufacturing a lithium metal oxyfluoride having a general formula Li1+x(MM?)zO2-yFy, with 0.6?z?0.95, 0<y?0.67, and 0.05?x?0.4, the lithium metal oxyfluoride having a cation-disordered rocksalt structure, includes: providing at least one lithium-based precursor; providing at least one redox-active transition metal-based precursor; providing at least one redox-inactive transition metal-based precursor; providing at least one fluorine-based precursor comprising a fluoropolymer; and mixing the at least one lithium-based precursor, the at least one redox-active transition metal-based precursor, the at least redox-inactive transition metal-based precursor, and the at least one fluorine-based precursor comprising a fluoropolymer to form a mixture.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to composite cathodes for all solid-state batteries. In one aspect, an all solid-state battery comprises a composite cathode, a separator, and an anode. The composite cathode comprises LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2, x?0.33, with about 80% or more of the LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2 comprising single crystals of LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2. The LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2 is embedded in a matrix of a first lithium metal halide solid electrolyte comprising Li6-3aMaX6, 0<a<2. M is an element from a group of magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), scandium (Sc), indium (In), zirconium (Zr), niobium (Nb), hafnium (Hf), tantalum (Ta), yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), samarium (Sm), bismuth (Bi), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), ytterbium (Yb), and combinations thereof. X is a halide from a group of chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and combinations thereof.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to lithium-ion batteries. In one aspect, a method includes synthesizing an intermediate selected from a group of a nickel-manganese-cobalt nitrate, a nickel-manganese-cobalt acetate, a nickel-manganese-cobalt sulfate, a nickel-manganese-cobalt chloride, and a nickel-manganese-cobalt phosphate. The intermediate is mixed with a lithium salt selected from a group of LiOH, LiCl, LiNO3, LiSO4, LiF, LiBr, Li3PO4, Li2CO3, and combinations thereof to form a mixture. The mixture is annealed at a sequence of temperatures and times to form a plurality of single crystals of a lithium nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide, with no cooling of the mixture between operations of the sequence of temperatures and times.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to lithium metal oxyfluorides. In one aspect, a method for manufacturing a lithium metal oxyfluoride having a general formula Li1+x(MM?)zO2-yFy, with 0.6?z?0.95, 0<y?0.67, and 0.05?x?0.4, the lithium metal oxyfluoride having a cation-disordered rocksalt structure, includes: providing at least one lithium-based precursor; providing at least one redox-active transition metal-based precursor; providing at least one redox-inactive transition metal-based precursor; providing at least one fluorine-based precursor comprising a fluoropolymer; and mixing the at least one lithium-based precursor, the at least one redox-active transition metal-based precursor, the at least redox-inactive transition metal-based precursor, and the at least one fluorine-based precursor comprising a fluoropolymer to form a mixture.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to an all-solid-state battery including a solid electrolyte. In one aspect, a device includes a first layer of an ionically conducting oxide, a second layer of the ionically conducting oxide disposed on the first layer, and an anode disposed on the second layer of the ionically conducting oxide. The first layer defines through pores having a tortuosity of about 1. The first layer includes transition metal oxide particles and an ionically conducting solid disposed in the through pores. The transition metal oxide particles are a cathode. The first layer and the ionically conducting solid are an electrolyte. The second layer does not define any through pores. The second layer is a separator.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a device comprising or configured to comprise composite resin electrodes. Further provided are methods of using the device for selectively removing dissolved ions from water.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a device useful or removing dissolved ions from water comprising or configured to comprise composite resin electrodes. The present invention provides for a device useful for removing dissolved ions from water comprising or configured to comprise composite resin electrodes. The present invention also provides for a method for removing dissolved ions from water comprising providing said device, and using it thereof.

Abstract: The cryogenic trapping system traps organic arsenicals within a centrally-positioned cryotrap body and allows inorganic arsenical to flow through the cryotrap body. As a hydride gas is directed into the central cryotrap body, the gas is cooled by a pair of Peltier units that sandwich the cryotrap body so that the cold side of each of the Peltier units abuts the cryotrap body. The hot side of each Peltier unit abuts a heat exchanger—which cools the Peltier unit. In the preferred embodiment, organic arsenicals are trapped in a sorbent bed within the cryotrap body.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a device comprising or configured to comprise composite resin electrodes. Further provided are methods of using the device for selectively removing dissolved ions from water.

Abstract: The cryogenic trapping system traps organic arsenicals within a centrally-positioned cryotrap body and allows inorganic arsenical to flow through the cryotrap body. As a hydride gas is directed into the central cryotrap body, the gas is cooled by a pair of Peltier units that sandwich the cryotrap body so that the cold side of each of the Peltier units abuts the cryotrap body. The hot side of each Peltier unit abuts a heat exchanger—which cools the Peltier unit. In the preferred embodiment, organic arsenicals are trapped in a sorbent bed within the cryotrap body.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a device useful or removing dissolved ions from water comprising or configured to comprise composite resin electrodes. The present invention provides for a device useful for removing dissolved ions from water comprising or configured to comprise composite resin electrodes. The present invention also provides for a method for removing dissolved ions from water comprising providing said device, and using it thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to low-cost, electroactive-polymer incorporated fine-fiber composite membranes for use as overcharge and/or overdischarge protection separators in non-aqueous electrochemical cells and the methods for making such membranes.

Abstract: This invention relates to low-cost, electroactive-polymer incorporated fine-fiber composite membranes for use as overcharge and/or overdischarge protection separators in non-aqueous electrochemical cells and the methods for making such membranes.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclose a shielded or isolated heat dissipating system comprising a case, a heat sink base, and a circuit board comprising at least one electronic device for which heat dissipation is desired. The heat sink base is attached to the case and together with the shielding case defines an enclosed space within which electromagnetic interference is reduced. Both heat-dissipation function and electromagnetic shielding function may be achieved by the combination of the heatsink base and the case while maintain electrical isolation with one or more specially treated components. The space required for mounting the system may also be reduced without adversely affecting normal and stable operation of the electronic device.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclose a shielded or isolated heat dissipating system comprising a case, a heat sink base, and a circuit board comprising at least one electronic device for which heat dissipation is desired. The heat sink base is attached to the case and together with the shielding case defines an enclosed space within which electromagnetic interference is reduced. Both heat-dissipation function and electromagnetic shielding function may be achieved by the combination of the heatsink base and the case while maintain electrical isolation with one or more specially treated components. The space required for mounting the system may also be reduced without adversely affecting normal and stable operation of the electronic device.

Abstract: A battery loading and unloading structure is disclosed, including a main body having a battery receiver defined by a bottom and sidewall, the bottom being provided with a resilient ejector, the sidewall being provided with a battery retainer that is located in a moving track of an engaging member and laterally moves upon an applied force. The structure further includes a resetting member to reset the battery retainer. When a battery is loaded, the battery retainer automatically moves laterally to avoid blocking the engaging member in response to the force applied thereon, and resets to catch the battery after the battery has been loaded into place. When the battery is unloaded, the resilient ejector can eject the battery by moving the battery retainer to the sides to disengage from the engaging member.

Abstract: A novel process and apparatus to combinatorially screen a large number of discrete compositions for electrocatalytic activity have been developed. The apparatus contains a cell body adjacent to a fluid permeable catalyst array support supporting multiple solids. A catalyst mask having holes that are in alignment with the multiple locations for supporting solids is placed over the catalyst array support, masking the solids. A cell cover is positioned adjacent to the catalyst array support, with the cell cover having a passage for monitoring the solids through the mask. A detector may be in alignment with the passage of the cell cover.

Abstract: A biocompatible flow cytometry system such that low levels of bacteria or other particles in a sample will not adsorb onto the system's surfaces. The biocompatible flow cytometry system comprises an upper chamber assembly. The upper chamber comprises a biocompatible input system, a means for retaining and adjusting the biocompatible system, a sheath fluid input port, and a means of interfacing with a glass tube. The interface between the biocompatible system and a glass tube allows for the low level contaminants to be irradiated with a laser source selected to interact with marked bacteria and cause them to fluoresce at a wavelength that can be detected.

Abstract: A novel process and apparatus to combinatorially screen a large number of discrete compositions for electrocatalytic activity have been developed. The apparatus contains a cell body adjacent to a fluid permeable catalyst array support supporting multiple solids. A catalyst mask having holes that are in alignment with the multiple locations for supporting solids is placed over the catalyst array support, masking the solids. A cell cover is positioned adjacent to the catalyst array support, with the cell cover having a passage for monitoring the solids through the mask. A detector may be in alignment with the passage of the cell cover.

Abstract: Compositions for use as catalysts in electrochemical reactions are described. The compositions are alloys prepared from two or more elemental metals selected from platinum, molybdenum, osmium, ruthenium, rhodium, and iridium. Also described are electrode compositions including such alloys and electrochemical reaction devices including such catalysts.