Abstract: Novel isoindoline pigments of the formula (I): ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is --CN;R.sup.2 is --CN or a saturated or unsaturated, aromatic or non-aromatic, 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring system which can be modified by fusion or bridging with other heterocyclic or isocyclic ring systems, the heteroatoms being N, O and/or S;or a group --CO--NR.sup.6 R.sup.7, in which R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are identical or different and are hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl;or a group --CO--NR.sup.6 R.sup.8, in which R.sup.8 is a saturated or unsaturated, aromatic or non-aromatic, 5- to 7-membered isocyclic or heterocyclic ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by one to 5 of the following radicals: C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, halogen, trifluoromethyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, carbomethoxy, carbethoxy, carboxamide, carboxamide substituted by a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or phenyl group, nitro, C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Novel isoindoline pigments of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is --CN and R.sup.2 is CN or a 5- to 7-membered hetero-cycle;R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, phenyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, halogen or C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -acylamino;R.sup.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, halogen, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy or nitro;m is a number from 1 to 4;n is a number from 1 to 3; andR.sup.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of substituted and unsubstituted 2-(cyanomethyl)benzimidazoleA process for the preparation of substituted or unsubstituted 2-(cyanomethyl)benzimidazole, of the formula (I) ##STR1## which comprises reacting an o-phenylenediamine of the formula (II) ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, preferably methyl or methoxy, and n is an integer from 0 to 2, preferably 0 or 1, in particular 0, with a cyanoacetic ester of the formula (III)NC--CH.sub.2 --COOR.sup.2 (III)in which R.sup.2 is unsubstituted or substituted, linear, branched or cyclic C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 -alkyl and 1 to 3 CH.sub.2 groups of the alkyl radical can in each case be replaced by oxygen, at a temperature of 150.degree.-175.degree. C. in a halogen-free inert solvent whose boiling point is 150.degree. C. or more, or in a mixture of two or more of such solvents, without adding an aromatic sulfonic acid as catalyst.

Abstract: The conventional condensation of naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid with 1,2-diaminobenzene gives the resulting naphthoylenebisbenzimidazole isomers together in the cis and trans form. It is desirable to shift the isomer ratio of the mixture obtained toward the desirable trans product and to reduce the amount of cis product obtained. It is also desirable to develop a process of preparation which optimizes the yield and improves the waste water situation.This object is achieved according to the invention by subjecting virtually stoichiometric amounts of the starting compounds to a precondensation at 60.degree. to 110.degree. C. in an aqueous medium and then completing the condensation in the aqueous medium in a second stage at 130.degree. to 180.degree. C.

Abstract: Pigments of the formula I ##STR1## where A is a five- or six-membered aromatic fused or unfused heterocycle which contains one to three hetero atoms from the series consisting of nitrogen and/or oxygen and/or sulfur and which is bonded to the methylene group via a carbon atom, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each hydrogen, alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.4, alkylene C.sub.2 or aryl, and together R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may also be an aliphatic or aromatic ring, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 hydroxylkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 or alkylene C.sub.2, P is the radical of a polycyclic pigment or a radical of a mix-crystal of polycyclic pigments, and n is a number from 0.0001 to 0.

Abstract: New compounds had been found which correspond to the formula ##STR1## as well as processes for preparing them by sulfonation of 3.beta.-sulfato- or 3-.beta.-hydroxyethylsulfonyl - aminobenzene. The novel compounds are valuable intermediary products for the preparation of azo fibre-reactive dyestuffs which have very good dyeing properties and a high fibre-reactivity yielding dyeings of excellent fastnesses, especially to light and wet processing.

Abstract: Fiber-reactive azo dyestuffs are obtained by diazotizing an amine of the formula ##STR1## in which Z stands for--CH.sub.2 -CH.sub.2 --A or--CH.dbd.CH.sub.2in which A is N,N-dialkylamino with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in each alkyl moiety or is chlorine, bromine, sulfato, thiosulfato, phosphato and acetoxy it with an azo component of the formulaH--B,in which B is ##STR2## wherein R is hydrogen, alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, acetylamino, chlorine or bromine, R.sub.1 is hydrogen or alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy or cyano, and R.sub.2 is lower alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy or cyano, or is acetyl or benozyl. The new dyestuffs are especially suitable for dyeing and printing fiber materials, such as silk, wool, synthetic polyamide or polyurethane, and above all, native and regenerative cellulose.

Abstract: A highly water-soluble composition for the dyeing or printing of native or synthetic polyamide fibres consisting essentially of (a) 10 to 99 parts by weight of at least one dyestuff ##STR1## IN WHICH X represents hydroxy, methyl, ethyl, methoxy or ethoxy, and Y represents hydrogen or methyl, and (b) 0.5 to 90 parts by weight of an auxiliary agent of the group consisting of a polyglycol of an average molecular weight from 3000 to 20 000, a polyglycolether (containing 15 to 30 ether groups) of a fatty alcohol of 8 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkali metal salt of a dialkylnaphthalene sulfonic acid (alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.6), a methyltauride of a saturated or unsatruated fatty acid of 8 to 20 carbon atoms, and an isethionate of a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid of 8 to 20 cabron atoms, and mixtures thereof, said composition being also suitable for the dyeing or printing of the said polyamide fibres in deep shades.

Abstract: Fiber-reactive azo dyestuffs are obtained by diazotizng an amine of the formula ##STR1## in which Z stands for--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --A or--CH.dbd.CH.sub.2in which A is N,N-dialkylamino with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in each alkyl moiety or is the radical of a mono- or poly-basic acid capable of being split off by an alkaline agent and coupling it with an azo component of the formulaH-B,in which B is aniline, naphthol, naphthylamine, aminonaphthol, pyridone, aminopyridine, 1-phenyl-4-aminopyrazole or 1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone, unsubstituted or substituted on the aromatic and/or heterocyclic moieties by one to four groups selected from alkyl, alkoxy, oxalkyl, cyanoalkyl, aminoalkyl or alkoxyalkyl with 1 to 6 carbon atoms in each alkyl and alkoxy moiety, chlorine and bromine, sulfonic acid, vinylsulfonyl, carboxyl, acylamino and arylamino groups.