Abstract: An apparatus for treating waste-waters and sludges and using an irradiation beam of accelerated electrons, comprises a treatment circuit c equipped with valves, an electromagnetic regulator providing a constant flow of the fluid to be treated by the irradiation beam, systems for controlling the flow of fluid and for controlling the characteristics of the irradiation beams, a microprocessor associated with the flow control systems for controlling at least the automatic closure of a shut-off valve and the opening of a purge valve.

Abstract: An irradiation apparatus comprising a fluid-tight enclosure in which are located a linear electron accelerator, a magnetron supplying a high frequency signal, means for injecting this high frequency signal into the accelerating structure, means for supplying voltage to the magnetron and the accelerator. A magnetic deflecting system can be associated with the linear accelerator for deflecting the accelerated electrons towards a target emitting X-rays. Cooling systems are provided inside the enclosure 1, in particular for cooling the magnetron.

Abstract: A beam of charged particles is guided along a path including a looped section between two rectilinear stretches, each of these stretches being provided with focusing and centering means. A holder insertable into the outgoing stretch, ahead of a collimator, carries a target designed to emit photons upon being struck by incident particles. The target holder is linked with a retracting mechanism which also controls a diaphragm in the looped path section to narrow its aperture when the target is in place. A dose-equalizing filter utilized in the latter instance is movable jointly with the target holder out of the path of the exiting beam.

Abstract: An arrangement enables the frequency variation of a resonant element (an accelerating section for example) to be followed in dependence upon its temperature and the frequency of the hyperfrequency generator G feeding this resonant element Q to be controlled in dependence upon the frequency variations thereof. The arrangement comprises at least one reference cavity C associated with means for allowing the circulation of cooling fluid along the walls of said reference cavity and with heat supply for bringing it, at any instant, to the temperature of the resonant element Q, means for measuring the amplitude variation .DELTA.a of the signal corresponding to the frequency variation of said reference cavity C in terms of its temperature variation and a frequency variation system controlled by a signal proportional to the amplitude variation .DELTA.a, for modifying the operating frequency of the generator G.

Abstract: A device for furnishing a scanning beam intended for irradiating a target, the irradiating dose level having a predetermined distribution on the target. The device comprises a main magnetic system having a plurality of polepieces for scanning the charged particle beam and a secondary magnetic system having a plurality of polepieces and being located upstream of the main magnetic system for variably offsetting the beam entering the main magnetic system. In a preferred embodiment the main and secondary magnetic systems are provided with quadripoles with respective coils which are supplied in pairs with signals S.sub.X1, S.sub.Y1, and S.sub.X2, S.sub.Y2, the signals S.sub.X1, S.sub.Y1 being for example of "sawtooth" waveform and those S.sub.X2, S.sub.Y2 of "squarewave" waveform. The signals may be co-phasal or in phase-opposition.

Abstract: A system for measuring radiation doses in radiotherapy comprises two identical metering networks energized in parallel from a common radiation source, each network including an integrating amplifier whose time constant is variable by the short-circuiting of an input resistor. A manually or automatically reversible switch selectively foreshortens the time constant of one or the other amplifier whereby the corresponding metering network controls the cutoff of the radiation source whenever the emitted radiant energy reaches a predetermined value. The other network, acting as a backup, takes over the radiation cutoff upon failure of the controlling network; this takeover may be indicated by a set of signal lamps jointly controlled by the reversing switch and by a counting unit of the standby network.