Abstract: Disclosed herein is a sensor loupe where the user can look at a gemstone through a passive optical loupe and take a picture of the exact field of view that he sees.

Abstract: The present invention provides anodes comprising an electrically conductive substrate, comprising at least one non-uniform surface; and a random network of silicon nanowires (Si NWs) chemically grown on said at least one non-uniform surface of the substrate, wherein the Si NWs have at least about 30% amorphous morphology, and methods of manufacturing of the anodes. Further provided are lithium ion batteries comprising said anodes.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a sensor loupe where the user can look at a gemstone through a passive optical loupe and take a picture of the exact field of view that he sees.

Abstract: The present invention provides anodes comprising an electrically conductive substrate, comprising at least one non-uniform surface; and a random network of silicon nanowires (Si NWs) chemically grown on said at least one non-uniform surface of the substrate, wherein the Si NWs have at least about 30% amorphous morphology, and methods of manufacturing of the anodes. Further provided are lithium ion batteries comprising said anodes.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a nanostructure, which comprises forming an elongated tubular nanostructure, and generating conditions for said tubular nanostructure to unwrap.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a nanostructure, which comprises forming an elongated tubular nanostructure, and generating conditions for said tubular nanostructure to unwrap.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing letrozole, which includes reacting an activated bis-(4-cyanophenyl)-methane with a triazole to produce letrozole, and, optionally, purifying the letrozole. Also provided are highly pure letrozole, and a method of purifying letrozole, which method includes precipitating letrozole, e.g., by selective precipitation from a reaction mixture and/or by subjecting the letrozole to one or more crystallizations.

Abstract: A novel process for preparing highly pure cilostazol, effected by reacting 6-hydroxy-3,4-dihydroquinolinone and 5-(4-chlorobutyl)-1-cyclohexyl-1H-tetrazole in the presence of a hydrated inorganic base, is disclosed. Further disclosed is highly pure cilostazol, and particularly highly pure cilostazol that is substantially free of 6-[4-(1-cyclohexyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-butoxy]-1-[4-(1-cyclohexyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-butyl ]-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-one.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process of preparing montelukast or a salt thereof with minimal amounts of impurities, such as a dehydration impurity (compound (VI)) or a cyclic ether impurity (compound (VIII)).

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing letrozole, which includes reacting an activated bis-(4-cyanophenyl)-methane with a triazole to produce letrozole, and, optionally, purifying the letrozole. Also provided are highly pure letrozole, and a method of purifying letrozole, which method includes precipitating letrozole, e.g., by selective precipitation from a reaction mixture and/or by subjecting the letrozole to one or more crystallizations.

Abstract: Provided is a process for preparing crystalline imatinib mesylate in substantially pure ?-form, which preferably includes crystallizing imatinib mesylate from an organic solvent containing imatinib and methanesulfonic acid, and seed crystals of imatinib mesylate ?-form, wherein the seed crystals are added before imatinib mesylate begins to precipitate from the mixture. Also provided are stable, free-flowing imatinib mesylate crystals in substantially pure ?-form, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the stable, free-flowing imatinib mesylate crystals.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved processes for preparing the intermediate 7-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone (7-HQ), which may be used in preparing the drug aripiprazole. Among these processes are included three efficient processes for preparing 7-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone comprising reacting N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-3-chloropropionamide with AlCl3 using novel reaction conditions thus obtaining a substantially pure product, which may be used in the subsequent steps for obtaining aripiprazole without further purification.

Abstract: The present invention provides several improved processes for preparing aripiprazole, wherein the first step comprising reacting 7-HQ with a 1,4-disubstituted-butane in biphasic reaction mixture or in a single phase solvent to obtain a 7-(4-halobutoxy)-3,4-dihydro-(1H)-quinolinone (7-HBQ) and the second step comprising reacting the 7-HBQ and 1-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)piperazine or an acid addition salt thereof in a biphasic reaction medium containing water and a water-immiscible solvent to obtain aripiprazole. Also provided are methods of purifying the 7-HBQs and aripiprazole.

Abstract: The present invention provides herein a two-step process for preparing pharmaceutically pure quetiapine and salts thereof by obtaining the starting material 11-chloro-dibenzo-thiazepine followed by reacting the 11-chloro-dibenzo-thiazepine with 1-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethylpiperazine, or its salt, in the presence of an inorganic or organic base in an organic solvent or in a two-phase solvent system. The present invention provides also a novel, one-pot reaction process for preparing pharmaceutically pure quetiapine and salts thereof. The two processes provided herein can be easily, conveniently and inexpensively scaled-up.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel processes for purifying anastrozole, devoid of using liquid chromatography. The purification processes are via the isolated anastrozole salt forms, either by crystallization or by selective acidic extractions, and optionally in both cases, converting the purified anastrozole salt to anastrozole base. Also provided is an improved process for the synthesis of anastrozole, which is obtained by alkylating the isolated and purified starting material 3,5-bis(2-cyanoprop-2-yl)benzylbromide, the process being devoid of using toxic, hazardous and environmental unfriendly solvents and reagents.

Abstract: A novel process for preparing highly pure cilostazol, effected by reacting 6-hydroxy-3,4-dihydroquinolinone and 5-(4-chlorobutyl)-1-cyclohexyl-1H-tetrazole in the presence of a hydrated inorganic base, is disclosed. Further disclosed is highly pure cilostazol, and particularly highly pure cilostazol that is substantially free of 6-[4-(1-cyclohexyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-butoxy]-1-[4-(1-cyclohexyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-butyl]-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-one.

Abstract: The invention provides a thiocarboxylic acid organic salt of the formula: 1