Abstract: Devices and methods are described for continuous and non-invasive sensing of: (1) breathing effort, and (2) cellular oxygen need vs. cellular oxygen supply. The devices configurable for remote patient care configured to monitor one or more of sleep disordered breathing, hypertension, heart failure, pneumonia, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature infants, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in children and adults. Additionally, the devices are configurable to control delivery of therapy.

Abstract: Persons with sleep disordered breathing (SDB) may, or may not, recognize that they have symptoms of SDB, and/or that they may be at-risk of, or suffering certain health problems associated with SDB, including death. The disclosed Energy Conversion Monitor (ECM) sensor, when embodied, for example, in a wearable upper-armband format, has been demonstrated to be more sensitive and responsive than pulse oximetry monitoring of blood oxygen saturation as an indication of hypoxic stress induced by SDB, and is compatible with: (1) inclusion in sleep laboratory polysomnograph (PSG) testing instrumentation, (2) home-based diagnostic testing for SDB, (3) control of home-use airway therapy devices, (4) continuous remote surveillance and refinement of airway therapy, and (5) spot-check and continuous surveillance of sleep quality in the general population. The disclosed ECM also provides new measurements of physiologic stress during and following exercise.

Abstract: Physiologic sensors and methods of application are described. These sensors function by detecting recently discovered variations in the spectral optical density at two or more wavelengths of light diffused through the skin. These variations in spectral optical density have been found to consistently and uniquely relate to changes in the availability of oxygen in the skin tissue, relative to the skin tissue's current need for oxygen, which we have termed Physiology Index (PI). Current use of blood gas analysis and pulse oximetry provides physiologic insight only to blood oxygen content and cannot detect the status of energy conversion metabolism at the tissue level. By contrast, the PI signal uniquely portrays when the skin tissue is receiving ‘less than enough oxygen,’ ‘just the right amount of oxygen,’ or ‘more than enough oxygen’ to enable aerobic energy conversion metabolism.

Abstract: Persons with sleep disordered breathing (SDB) may, or may not, recognize that they have symptoms of SDB, and/or that they may be at-risk of, or suffering certain health problems associated with SDB, including death. The disclosed Energy Conversion Monitor (ECM) sensor, when embodied, for example, in a wearable upper-armband format, has been demonstrated to be more sensitive and responsive than pulse oximetry monitoring of blood oxygen saturation as an indication of hypoxic stress induced by SDB, and is compatible with: (1) inclusion in sleep laboratory polysomnograph (PSG) testing instrumentation, (2) home-based diagnostic testing for SDB, (3) control of home-use airway therapy devices, (4) continuous remote surveillance and refinement of airway therapy, and (5) spot-check and continuous surveillance of sleep quality in the general population. The disclosed ECM also provides new measurements of physiologic stress during and following exercise.

Abstract: Persons with sleep disordered breathing (SDB) may, or may not, recognize that they have symptoms of SDB, and/or that they may be at-risk of, or suffering certain health problems associated with SDB, including death. The disclosed Energy Conversion Monitor (ECM) sensor, when embodied, for example, in a wearable upper-armband format, has been demonstrated to be more sensitive and responsive than pulse oximetry monitoring of blood oxygen saturation as an indication of hypoxic stress induced by SDB, and is compatible with: (1) inclusion in sleep laboratory polysomnograph (PSG) testing instrumentation, (2) home-based diagnostic testing for SDB, (3) control of home-use airway therapy devices, (4) continuous remote surveillance and refinement of airway therapy, and (5) spot-check and continuous surveillance of sleep quality in the general population. The disclosed ECM also provides new measurements of physiologic stress during and following exercise.

Abstract: Physiologic sensors and methods of application are described. These sensors function by detecting recently discovered variations in the spectral optical density at two or more wavelengths of light diffused through the skin. These variations in spectral optical density have been found to consistently and uniquely relate to changes in the availability of oxygen in the skin tissue, relative to the skin tissue's current need for oxygen, which we have termed Physiology Index (PI). Current use of blood gas analysis and pulse oximetry provides physiologic insight only to blood oxygen content and cannot detect the status of energy conversion metabolism at the tissue level. By contrast, the PI signal uniquely portrays when the skin tissue is receiving ‘less than enough oxygen,’ ‘just the right amount of oxygen,’ or ‘more than enough oxygen’ to enable aerobic energy conversion metabolism.

Abstract: Physiologic sensors and methods of application are described. These sensors function by detecting recently discovered variations in the spectral optical density at two or more wavelengths of light diffused through the skin. These variations in spectral optical density have been found to consistently and uniquely relate to changes in the availability of oxygen in the skin tissue, relative to the skin tissue's current need for oxygen, which we have termed Physiology Index (PI). Current use of blood gas analysis and pulse oximetry provides physiologic insight only to blood oxygen content and cannot detect the status of energy conversion metabolism at the tissue level. By contrast, the PI signal uniquely portrays when the skin tissue is receiving ‘less than enough oxygen,’ just the right amount of oxygen,? or ‘more than enough oxygen’ to enable aerobic energy conversion metabolism.

Abstract: Physiologic sensors and methods of application are described. These sensors function by detecting recently discovered variations in the spectral optical density at two or more wavelengths of light diffused through the skin. These variations in spectral optical density have been found to consistently and uniquely relate to changes in the availability of oxygen in the skin tissue, relative to the skin tissue's current need for oxygen, which we have termed Physiology Index (PI). Current use of blood gas analysis and pulse oximetry provides physiologic insight only to blood oxygen content and cannot detect the status of energy conversion metabolism at the tissue level. By contrast, the PI signal uniquely portrays when the skin tissue is receiving ‘less than enough oxygen,’ just the right amount of oxygen,? or ‘more than enough oxygen’ to enable aerobic energy conversion metabolism.

Abstract: Physiologic sensors and methods of application are described. These sensors function by detecting recently discovered variations in the spectral optical density at two or more wavelengths of light diffused through the skin. These variations in spectral optical density have been found to consistently and uniquely relate to changes in the availability of oxygen in the skin tissue, relative to the skin tissue's current need for oxygen, which we have termed Physiology Index (PI). Current use of blood gas analysis and pulse oximetry provides physiologic insight only to blood oxygen content and cannot detect the status of energy conversion metabolism at the tissue level. By contrast, the PI signal uniquely portrays when the skin tissue is receiving ‘less than enough oxygen,’ ‘just the right amount of oxygen,’ or ‘more than enough oxygen’ to enable aerobic energy conversion metabolism.

Abstract: Persons with sleep disordered breathing (SDB) may, or may not, recognize that they have symptoms of SDB, and/or that they may be at-risk of, or suffering certain health problems associated with SDB, including death. The disclosed Energy Conversion Monitor (ECM) sensor, when embodied, for example, in a wearable upper-armband format, has been demonstrated to be more sensitive and responsive than pulse oximetry monitoring of blood oxygen saturation as an indication of hypoxic stress induced by SDB, and is compatible with: (1) inclusion in sleep laboratory polysomnograph (PSG) testing instrumentation, (2) home-based diagnostic testing for SDB, (3) control of home-use airway therapy devices, (4) continuous remote surveillance and refinement of airway therapy, and (5) spot-check and continuous surveillance of sleep quality in the general population. The disclosed ECM also provides new measurements of physiologic stress during and following exercise.

Abstract: Physiologic sensors and methods of application are described. These sensors function by detecting recently discovered variations in the spectral optical density at two or more wavelengths of light diffused through the skin. These variations in spectral optical density have been found to consistently and uniquely relate to changes in the availability of oxygen in the skin tissue, relative to the skin tissue's current need for oxygen, which we have termed Physiology Index (PI). Current use of blood gas analysis and pulse oximetry provides physiologic insight only to blood oxygen content and cannot detect the status of energy conversion metabolism at the tissue level. By contrast, the PI signal uniquely portrays when the skin tissue is receiving ‘less than enough oxygen,’ ‘just the right amount of oxygen,’ or ‘more than enough oxygen’ to enable aerobic energy conversion metabolism.

Abstract: A combination physiologic status sensor system is described. It integrates a highly efficient reflectance oximeter, acquisition of a 2-lead electrocardiogram (“ECG”) heart rate signal, a photonic indicator of molecular products of anaerobic metabolism, and a skin temperature sensor. Placement of this motion tolerant sensor system may be on the adult or child subject's upper arm or infant chest, or chest and abdomen, for acquisition of high quality signals. Efficient use of battery power, combined optionally with wireless communications, enables continuous ambulatory use for extended periods of time. The comprehensive physiologic profile provided by this multi-factorial sensor and analysis system is anticipated to be of benefit in providing physiologically important, actionable information in a wide range of applications, including athletic training and performance, high risk occupational safety monitoring, and critical and convalescent medical care of patients of all ages and sizes.