Abstract: A technique to generate terahertz radiation is disclosed, where a pump beam (12) is coupled into an optical element (50) made of a medium with non-linear optical properties having plane-parallel front and rear boundary surfaces (51, 52), wherein the pump beam (12) is split into a set of partial pump beams (121) by reflection and/or diffraction on a periodic relief structure (53) of said optical element (50). The partial pump beams travel along a direction at an angle ? that satisfies the velocity matching condition of vp,cs cos(?)=vTHz,f within the given medium, where vp,cs is the group velocity of the pump beam, vTHz,f is the phase velocity of the terahertz radiation and the speed a planar envelope (212) travels toward the front boundary surface (51) of the optical element (50), and angle ? is the angle formed by the pulse front envelope and the phase front of the pump beam.

Abstract: A technique to generate terahertz radiation is disclosed, where a pump beam (12) is coupled into an optical element (50) made of a medium with non-linear optical properties having plane-parallel front and rear boundary surfaces (51, 52), wherein the pump beam (12) is split into a set of partial pump beams (121) by reflection and/or diffraction on a periodic relief structure (53) of said optical element (50). The partial pump beams travels along a direction at an angle ? that satisfies the velocity matching condition of vp,cs, cos(?)=vTHz,f within the given medium, where vp;cs is the group velocity of the pump beam, vTHz;f is the phase velocity of the terahertz radiation and the speed a planar envelope (212) travels toward the front boundary surface (51) of the optical element (50), and ? is the angle formed by the pulse front envelope and the phase front of the pump beam.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine using a gas mixture that is supplied to the fossil fuel in the engine combustion chamber in addition to the combustion air and is produced by the electrolysis of water includes measuring a quantity of air drawn into the intake tract of the engine in accordance with a particular engine operating mode. The method further includes directly supplying, to the combustion air per unit of volume of combustion air, a same, limited quantity of Brown's gas that acts as an additive, that is produced by means of an electrolyzer operated using a pulsating current, and that contains energy-enriched, gaseous water molecules. The percentage of the gas molecules present in the fuel during the combustion process is limited.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine using a gas mixture that is supplied to the fossil fuel in the engine combustion chamber in addition to the combustion air and is produced by the electrolysis of water includes measuring a quantity of air drawn into the intake tract of the engine in accordance with a particular engine operating mode. The method further includes directly supplying, to the combustion air per unit of volume of combustion air, a same, limited quantity of Brown's gas that acts as an additive, that is produced by means of an electrolyzer operated using a pulsating current, and that contains energy-enriched, gaseous water molecules. The percentage of the gas molecules present in the fuel during the combustion process is limited.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an arrangement to generate a coherent electromagnetic radiation containing at most a few optical cycles in the extreme ultraviolet/vacuum ultraviolet domain. The inventive method comprises the steps of providing an electron package (15) of relativistic velocity; modulating said electron package (15) with high intensity laser light (17) in an undulator (20) having an undulator period smaller than the undulator period (?u) satisfying the resonance condition, producing thereby an electron package formed of electron microbunches; and passing the electron package (15) of electron microbunches leaving said undulator (20) through a static magnetic field, and generating thereby a coherent electromagnetic radiation, wherein said static magnetic field is generated in conformity with the coherent electromagnetic radiation to be achieved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an arrangement to generate a coherent electromagnetic radiation containing at most a few optical cycles in the extreme ultraviolet/vacuum ultraviolet domain. The inventive method comprises the steps of providing an electron package (15) of relativistic velocity; modulating said electron package (15) with high intensity laser light (17) in an undulator (20) having an undulator period smaller than the undulator period (?u) satisfying the resonance condition, producing thereby an electron package formed of electron microbunches; and passing the electron package (15) of electron microbunches leaving said undulator (20) through a static magnetic field, and generating thereby a coherent electromagnetic radiation, wherein said static magnetic field is generated in conformity with the coherent electromagnetic radiation to be achieved.

Abstract: The invention relates to new flavone derivaties which have at least one N-disubstituted carbamoyloxy unit (OOCNR6(R7))coupled directly to one or both aromatic rings of the flavone molecule.