Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for monitoring the duty cycle of a memory clock signal. The apparatus for monitoring a duty cycle of a memory clock signal includes a clock frequency converter configured to generate a second monitoring target clock signal by decreasing a frequency of a first monitoring target clock signal while maintaining a duty cycle of the first monitoring target clock signal, and a pulse counter configured to measure a pulse width of the second monitoring target clock signal using a reference clock signal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a duty cycle monitoring method and apparatus for a memory interface, including receiving a clock signal as input and generating a first delay time offset and a second delay time offset, receiving the clock signal and the first delay time offset and then outputting a first delayed signal, receiving the first delayed signal and the second delay time offset and then outputting a second delayed signal, receiving the clock signal and the second delayed signal and then outputting a delay value corresponding to a half-period of the clock signal, and monitoring, based on the first delayed signal, whether a duty cycle of the clock signal conforms to a duty cycle specification.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus for adjusting a reference voltage. The apparatus may include a gate signal generation unit for generating an RDQS gate signal, a reference voltage generation unit for setting a reference voltage based on the RDQS gate signal, and a reset counter for holding a voltage at the time at which the RDQS gate signal becomes low when the RDQS gate signal is not applied to the reference voltage generation unit for a specific time period.

Abstract: An optical path control member according to an embodiment comprises: a first substrate on which a first direction and a second direction are defined; a first electrode arranged on the first substrate; a second substrate which is arranged on the first substrate and on which the first direction and the second direction are defined; a second electrode arranged under the second substrate; and a light conversion unit arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the light conversion unit comprises an alternately arranged plurality of partition parts and plurality of accommodation parts, a light conversion material is arranged in the accommodation part, the accommodation part comprises at least one first region and at least one second region, and the height of the light conversion material arranged in the first region is less than the height of the light conversion material arranged in the second region.

Abstract: Proposed is a detachable lighting device including lighting units. The positions of the lighting units are changeable along a mounting rail within an interior space. The number of the lighting units and the mounting positions of the lighting units are adjustable. Accordingly, occupants within the interior space adjust light distribution as desired by each occupant.

Abstract: A semiconductor photoresist composition including an organometallic compound, an additive represented by Chemical Formula 1, and a solvent, and a method of forming uses the semiconductor photoresist composition. Details of Chemical Formula 1 are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus for receiving data from memory. The apparatus receives a data signal and a clock signal output from memory and includes a Decision Feedback Equalizer (DFE) including two or more differential signal path units configured to determine and output an output value corresponding to the data signal. Each of the two or more differential signal path units may determine a current output value by reflecting a previous output value fed back from a different one of the two or more differential signal path units in such a way that they operate at different clocks, and may include an offset control unit configured to adjust an offset at an input stage and a feedback control unit configured to change a load of an output stage using the previous output value fed back from the different one of the two or more differential signal path units.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory device is provided. The non-volatile memory device may include a memory cell array, a first pumping circuit configured to output a first pumping voltage, a second pumping circuit configured to pump the first pumping voltage of the first pumping circuit to output a second pumping voltage, and a pumping circuit control unit which is connected to the first pumping circuit and the second pumping circuit and configured to output at least one of the first pumping voltage and the second pumping voltage to the memory cell array. The first pumping circuit may be enabled in a first mode and a second mode different from the first mode, and the second pumping circuit may be disabled or not enabled in the first mode and enabled in the second mode.

Abstract: This surface-emitting laser device comprises: a first reflective layer; an active region disposed over the first reflective layer; an aperture region which is disposed over the active region and comprises an aperture and an insulating region; a second reflective layer disposed over the aperture region; and a second electrode electrically connected to the second reflective layer. The second electrode comprises first to sixth conductive layers. The first conductive layer may comprises Ti, and the sixth conductive layer may comprise Au.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material including a first lithium composite oxide particle including a secondary particle formed by aggregation of one or more primary particles, and a coating oxide occupying at least a part of at least one of surfaces of the secondary particle, grain boundaries between the primary particles, or surfaces of the primary particles, the positive electrode active material satisfying an equation of 1.3?a/b?3.0, wherein a represents a max peak intensity at 2theta=44.75° to 44.80° and b represents a max peak intensity at 2theta=45.3° to 45.6° in X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis using Cu K? radiation.

Abstract: A display device includes a base layer and a display element layer. The base layer includes a first area and a second area, and the display element layer is disposed on the base layer. In addition, the display element layer includes a first light sensor disposed in the first area and operating at a first operation frequency; and a second light sensor disposed in the second area and operating at a second operation frequency higher than the first operation frequency.

Abstract: A simulation method and a simulation apparatus of roll press for secondary battery production are provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods for executing a vision inspector simulation for secondary battery production by one or more processors to perform operations. The operations include executing an apparatus operating unit comprising a 3D vision inspector and surface quality information of a material inspected by the 3D vision inspector, executing a defect checking unit and a detection adjustment unit for determining an operation of the 3D vision inspector, obtaining at least one of first user action information obtained through the apparatus operating unit, first user condition information obtained through the detection adjustment unit, or first model recipe setting information obtained through the quality checking unit, determining the operation of the 3D vision inspector based on at least one of the first user action information, the first user condition information, or the first model recipe setting information, and executing an operation of inspecting a surface of the material based on the operation.

Abstract: An optical path control member according to an embodiment comprises: a first substrate; a first electrode provided on the upper portion of the first substrate; a second substrate provided on the first substrate; a second electrode provided on the lower portion of the second substrate; and an optical conversion unit provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the optical conversion unit comprises partition wall parts and accommodation parts which are alternately arranged. The accommodation parts have a light transmission rate that varies according to the application of a voltage, and the accommodation parts comprise a plurality of unit accommodation cells spaced apart from each other, and comprises a dispersion and light-absorbing particles which are dispersed in the dispersion.

Abstract: A razor assembly is proposed. The razor assembly may include a blade housing configured to receive at least one or more shaving blades in a longitudinal direction. The razor assembly may also include a connector disposed on the rear side of the blade housing and a spin housing coupled to the connector. The razor assembly may further include a fixing housing coupled to the spin housing and configured to render the spin housing to be rotatable about a first rotational axis perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The razor assembly may further include a first restoring force-providing unit configured to provide a restoring force for restoring the spin housing to a first rest position when the spin housing is rotated about the first rotational axis relative to the fixing housing.

Abstract: Proposed is a detachable lighting device including lighting units. The positions of the lighting units are changeable along a mounting rail within an interior space. The number of the lighting units and the mounting positions of the lighting units are adjustable. Accordingly, occupants within the interior space adjust light distribution as desired by each occupant.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method for culturing cord blood-derived natural killer cells using transformed T-cells. The method for culturing natural killer cells using transformed T-cells according to the present invention can effectively propagate and produce natural killer cells from a small amount of raw cells. In addition, the method can also improve the cell-killing ability of natural killer cells. Thus, the method for culturing natural killer cells using transformed T-cells according to the present invention can be usefully used to commercialize cell therapeutic agents. Moreover, natural killer cells produced by the culturing method of the present invention can be usefully used as a cell therapeutic agent.

Abstract: A display device including a substrate including a display area and a non-display area, pixels provided in the display area, an encapsulation layer on the pixels, a first conductive pattern on the encapsulation layer and including a first metal layer of sensing lines disposed in a non-sensing area corresponding to the non-display area, a first insulating layer on the first conductive pattern, a second conductive pattern on the first insulating layer and including a second metal layer of the sensing lines, and a second insulating layer on the second conductive pattern, in which the first metal layer includes a first end located in the non-sensing area corresponding to a first side of a sensing area and a second end located in the non-sensing area corresponding to a second side adjacent to the first side, and the first end and the second end are spaced apart from each other.

Abstract: Provided are a method of screening an inhibitor of caspase activity by lipopolysaccharide and a method of screening a therapeutic agent for inflammatory diseases or sepsis using the same. Accordingly, it is possible to develop a caspase-4-specific inhibitor.

Abstract: A display device comprises a first pixel including a first emission area, a second pixel including a second emission area spaced apart from the first emission area in a first direction, and a bank partitioning the first emission area and the second emission area, wherein the first pixel includes a first alignment electrode, a second alignment electrode, and a third alignment electrode sequentially located, spaced apart from each other in the first direction, and overlapping with the first emission area, first light-emitting elements above, and overlapping with, the first alignment electrode and the second alignment electrode, second light-emitting elements above, and overlapping with, the second alignment electrode and the third alignment electrode, and a dummy electrode between the first emission area and the second emission area, and overlapping with the bank.