Abstract: An all-solid-state battery includes a positive-electrode stack including a positive-electrode and a first external solid electrolyte layer formed on at least one surface of the positive-electrode; and a negative-electrode stack including a negative-electrode and a second external solid electrolyte layer formed on at least one surface of the negative-electrode, wherein the first external solid electrolyte layer of the positive-electrode stack and the second external solid electrolyte layer of the negative-electrode stack face each other and are in contact with each other, wherein the first external solid electrolyte layer and the second external solid electrolyte layer include sulfide-based solid electrolytes having different chemical compositions. Further, a manufacturing method of the battery is provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an all-solid-state battery defect detection apparatus, system, and method. An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides an all-solid-state battery defect detection apparatus including: a processor configured to detect a defect in an all-solid-state battery by using a pressure distribution measurement of the all-solid-state battery at ends of charging and discharging of the all-solid-state battery immediately after fastening a pressurizing jig to the all-solid-state battery; and a storage configured to store data and algorithms driven by the processor.

Abstract: There are provided a porous composite membrane formed by blending perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA) with an organic substance, and a manufacturing method thereof. The porous composite membrane is able to have pores easily formed simply by blending a fluorine-based polymer with an organic substance without additional pore-forming processes such as stretching and heating, and exhibit excellent properties in terms of resistance to high temperatures and strong acids due to the use of the fluorine-based polymer as a base material, so it is available for use in semiconductor wastewater treatment that uses strong acids like HF.

Abstract: There are provided a porous membrane including a perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA)-based melt-extruded film and having pores controlled by biaxial stretching, and a manufacturing method therefore. The porous membrane is for water treatment and includes a fluoropolymer. The method includes forming a film by melt-extruding a fluoropolymer; and controlling the pore size of the formed film by biaxial stretching. The membrane for water treatment is based on a fluoropolymer and has physical properties that are resistant to high temperatures and strong acids, and it is able to be used for treatment of wastewater such as semiconductor wastewater.