Abstract: A water purifier is provided. A water purifier according to one aspect of the present invention may include a housing having a first accommodation space therein, and made of a paper material; a water purifier faucet disposed in the first accommodation space to receive raw water and discharge purified water; and a filter coupled to the water purifier faucet to generate the purified water by filtering the raw water, wherein the water purifier faucet includes a base frame having a second accommodation space therein in which the filter is accommodated; a water inlet module provided on one side of the base frame to supply raw water introduced from the outside to the filter; and a water outlet module provided on the other side of the base frame to receive the purified water generated by the filter and discharge it to the outside.

Abstract: A memory device includes a memory cell array including a plurality of memory cells; a sense amplifying circuit configured to sense data of the memory cells through bit lines, the sense amplifying circuit including: a first operational circuit configured to perform a first operation according to a first sensing control signal; and a second operational circuit configured to perform a second operation according to a second sensing control signal; and an operational monitoring circuit configured to provide the first sensing control signal or the second sensing control signal by monitoring whether at least some of the memory cells have a ferroelectric property.

Abstract: A grating reflector. The grating reflector includes a mesh structure defining a mesh plane and having a thickness normal thereto. The mesh structure includes parallel bars and parallel crossbars, which extend along a direction orthogonal to the bars. The bars and crossbars define a 2D grid of elongated holes, each extending through the mesh structure perpendicular to the mesh plane. The holes are elongated along a direction parallel to the bars and have a substantially rectangular shape with rounded corners. The 2D grid is defined by a cross-shaped unit cell having a bar section and an intersecting crossbar section. The grating reflector has a reflectivity in a bandwidth around a center wavelength higher than 0.99. A ratio between the unit cell volume and the center wavelength in the mesh material cubed is between 1.35 and 1.55.

Abstract: An optical resonance structure is provided. For example, an optical resonator may operate based on a single-material double-layer HCG resonance structure. The optical resonator includes a first member and a second member. Each of the first member and the second member has a high contrast grating (HCG) structure, and a refractive index of the first member and a refractive index of the second member are the same.