Abstract: A jet condenser of the type comprising a water chamber in a mixing chamber (24) and an after-cooler (52), wherein the water chamber is subdivided in a narrower upper water chamber portion (38a) and a broader lower water chamber portion (39b). The after-cooler (52) is fixed at the junction (66) of both water chamber portions (38a, 38b). Cooling water is injected into the mixing chamber (24) by nozzles (40) of the upper water chamber portion (38a) where it flows in vertical direction. By the reduced width of the upper water chamber portion (38a) flow resistance of steam flow in the mixing chamber (24) and, thereby, undesired subcooling is substantially diminished. (FIG. 3).

Abstract: Heat exchanger apparatus which includes a substantially horizontal countercurrent heat exchanger of the shell-and-tube type, particularly for hybrid heat pumps operated with non-azeotropic work fluids. The apparatus further includes fluid distributor with fluid outlets the number of which corresponds to the number of the heat exchanger tubes of the heat exchanger is provided upstream the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger tubes of which are connected each to one fluid outlet of the fluid distributor.

Abstract: A process for the operation of hybrid compression-absorption heat pumps or refrigerators with the use of fluid medium containing a mixture of differently volatile components (typically two) easily soluble in each other. During heat extraction, in a first counter current heat exchange, vapor of the more volatile component is partially dissolved in the liquid of the less volatile component. Simultaneously, an additional portion of the volatile component is condensed. Importantly, the medium is discharged from the first heat exchange in a stage of incomplete dissolution/condensation of the vapor phase. The combined medium is expanded and absorbs heat in a second counter current heat exchange phase, during which the more volatile component is both expelled from the solution and evaporated.

Abstract: A heat exchange pipe for heat transfer between a medium in the pipe (1) and another medium outside the pipe (1) including baffle elements (3) for deflecting a layer of the first medium in the pipe (1). According to the improvement in this invention, each baffle element (3) has two kinds of deflecting channels, an inlet opening of the first kind of which is in a well defined first portion of a cross-section of the pipe (1) and its outlet is in a well defined second portion of the cross-section, and an inlet opening of the second kind of deflecting channels is in the second portion and its outlet is in the first portion of the cross-section.

Abstract: In a cooling apparatus operated by ambient air and an agent to be cooled which can have solid state at atmospherical temperatures, a housing such as a cooling tower (100) with air inlets and air closure means at the air inlets and large surface heat exchangers (3) arranged within the cooling tower (100) at its air inlets and divided into groups or sectors being in parallel connection are provided, with which the agent is cooled by the air streaming through the large surface heat exchangers (3). At least one pre-heating heat exchanger (20) is arranged in the air space (29) of each sector of the large surface heat exchangers (3), and the pre-heating heat exchangers (20) are in parallel connection with the large surface heat exchangers (3) of each sector.

Abstract: A hybrid heat pump wherein the operating medium is a mixture of media which dissolve in each other and have different boiling points. The condensation and/or the evaporation is performed on more than one pressure levels and at variable temperatures. The compressor performs the suction on more than one pressure levels and performs the discharge on more than one pressure level. Between low pressure operating medium (p.sub.1, p.sub.2) and large pressure operating medium (p.sub.3, p.sub.4, p.sub.5) the heat transfer is performed by the internal heat exchangers.

Abstract: A ribbed construction assembled from sheet metal bands for improved heat transfer, suitably built into the pipes of heat exchangers forms the arrangement of the invention. The ribbed construction assembled from toothed metal bands ensures the improved heat transfer primarily by slowing down the velocity of the medium flowing in the center of the pipe; furthermore it improves the temperature distribution of the flowing medium by means of metallic contact and mixing. Although the ribs are easily movable in the pipe, a significant portion of the tooth-ends is in loose contact with the inner pipe wall, which likewise improves the heat transfer.

Abstract: Movable shutting up elements are provided for eliminating the diminishing effect of the wind on cooling equipment erected in open air. The movable openings shutting up elements are adjusted by a control or regulating device according to actual wind conditions, to effect a damming of pressure in the path of the streaming air in front of the heat exchanging surface, enabling the wind energy to be used to aid in increasing the cooling effect. The opening and closing of elements rotatable around a vertical axis may be used to utilize to a greater extent the wind energy in addition to their wind reflecting effects.