Abstract: A hollow industrial robot, especially suitable for process work such as spot and arc welding, sealing, painting, glueing, laser machining, etc., has a tubular lower robot arm, the lower end of which is pivotably journalled in a robot stand about a preferably horizontal first axis and is rotatably journalled about a second axis coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the arm. A tubular upper robot arm is articulately connected to the upper end of the lower robot arm via an articulated joint member in the form of a tubular sleeve obliquely cut off at both ends. The articulated joint member is journalled in the lower robot arm and is rotatable about a third axis, which intersects the second axis. The upper robot arm is journalled on the articulated joint member and is rotatable about a fourth axis, which intersects the third axis. The upper end of the lower robot arm is secured to a first conical toothed wheel, which engages with a second conical toothed wheel secured to the rear end of the upper robot arm.

Abstract: A robot wrist is built up of three rotatable tubular wrist parts arranged one after the other, the axes of rotation of the first and the second part intersecting each other and the axis of rotation of the third part intersecting the longitudinal axis of the third part. Three mirrors are arranged inside the wrist, so that a light beam arriving along the axis of rotation of the first part passes unrefracted through the wrist irrespective of the rotary positions of the three wrist parts. The wrist enables processing by laser of workpieces with no restriction of the orientation capacity of the wrist.

Abstract: A wrist for an industrial robot with a large orientation capacity comprising first, second , third and fourth turnable wrist parts arranged in series with each other. The first wrist part is rotatable about a first axis. The second wrist part is journalled in the first wrist part and is rotatable about a second axis which intersects the first axis. The third wrist part is journalled in the second wrist part and is rotatable about a third axis which intersects the second axis. A tool attachment is rotatably journalled in the third wrist part about a fourth axis which intersects the third axis.