Abstract: A process for the manufacture of CF3CH2CHF2 and/or CF3CH2CF3 is disclosed. The process involves (a) reacting HF and at least one halopropene of the formula CX3CCI?CCIX (where each X is independently F or Cl) to produce a product including both CF3CCI?CF2 and CF3CHCICF3; (b) reacting CF3CCI?CF2 and/or CF3CHCICF3 produced in (a) with hydrogen to produce a product including CF3CH2CHF2 and/or CF3CH2CF3; and (c) recovering CF3CH2CHF2 and/or CF3CH2CF3 from the product produced in (b). In (a), the CF3CCI?CF2 and CF3CHCICF3 are produced in the presence of a fluorination catalyst comprising at least one chromium-containing component selected from (i) a crystalline alpha-chromium oxide where at least 0.05 atom % of the chromium atoms in the alpha-chromium oxide lattice are replaced by divalent copper, and (ii) a chromium-containing composition of (i) which has been treated with a fluorinating agent.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the manufacture of CF3CH2CHF2 and CF3CHFCH2F. The process involves (a) reacting hydrogen fluoride, chlorine, and at least one halopropene of the formula CX3CCl?CClX (where each X is independently F or Cl) to produce a product including both CF3CCl2CClF2 and CF3CClFCCl2F; (b) reacting CF3CCl2CClF2 and CF3CClFCCl2F produced in (a) with hydrogen to produce a product including both CF3CH2CHF2, and CF3CHFCH2F; and (c) recovering CF3CH2CHF2 and CF3CHFCH2F from the product produced in (b). In (a), the CF3CCl2CF3 and CF3CClFCClF2 are produced in the presence of a chlorofluorination catalyst including (i) a crystalline alpha-chromium oxide where at least 0.05 atom % of the chromium atoms in the alpha-chromium oxide lattice are replaced by divalent copper, and/or (ii) a chromium-containing composition of (i) which has been treated with a fluorinating agent.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the manufacture of CF3CH2CHF2 and CF3CHFCH2F. The process involves (a) reacting hydrogen fluoride, chlorine, and at least one halopropene of the formula CX3CCI?CCIX (where each X is independently F or CI) to produce a product including both CF3CCI2CCIF2 and CF3CCIFCCI2F; (b) reacting CF3CCI2CCIF2 and CF3CCIFCCI2F produced in (a) with hydrogen to produce a product including both CF3CH2CHF2, and CF3CHFCH2F; and (c) recovering CF3CH2CHF2 and CF3CHFCH2F from the product produced in (b). In (a), the CF3CCI2CF3 and CF3CCIFCCIF2 are produced in the presence of a chlorofluorination catalyst including (i) a crystalline alpha-chromium oxide where at least 0.05 atom % of the chromium atoms in the alpha-chromium oxide lattice are replaced by divalent copper, and/or (ii) a chromium-containing composition of (i) which has been treated with a fluorinating agent.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of CF3CH?CHF and/or CF3CF?CH2 is disclosed. The process involves (a) reacting HF and chlorine and at least one halopropene of the formula CX3CCI?CCIX (where each X is independently F or Cl) to produce a product including both CF3CCI2CCIF2 and CF3CCIFCCI2F; (b) reacting CF3CCI2CCIF2 and CF3CCIFCCI2F produced in (a) with hydrogen to produce a product including both CF3CH2CHF2 and CF3CHFCH2F; (c) dehydrofluorinating CF3CH2CHF2 and CF3CHFCH2F produced in (b) to produce a product including both CF3CH?CHF and CF3CF?CH2; and (d) recovering CF3CH?CHF and/or CF3CF?CH2 from the product produced in (c). In (a), both CF3CCI2CCIF2 and CF3CCIFCCI2F are produced in the presence of a chlorofluorination catalyst consisting of (i) compositions comprising a crystalline alpha-chromium oxide where at least 0.05 atom % of the chromium atoms in the alpha-chromium oxide lattice are replaced by copper, and (ii) compositions of (i) which have been treated with a fluorinating agent.

Abstract: A crystalline alpha-chromium oxide where from about 0.05 atom % to about 2 atom % of the chromium atoms in the alpha-chromium oxide lattice are substituted by nickel atoms, and optionally, additional chromium atoms in the alpha-chromium oxide lattice are substituted by trivalent cobalt atoms (provided that the total amount of the nickel atoms and the trivalent cobalt atoms in the alpha-chromium oxide lattice is no more than 6 atom %) is disclosed. Also disclosed is a chromium-containing catalyst composition comprising as a chromium-containing component the crystalline substituted alpha-chromium oxide; and a method for preparing a composition comprising the crystalline substituted alpha-chromium oxide.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of CF3CH?CHF and/or CF3CH?CF2 is disclosed. The process involves involves (a) reacting HF and at least one halopropene of the formula CX3CCI?CCIX (where each X is independently F or CI) to produce a product including both CF3CCI?CF2 and CF3CHCICF3; (b) reacting CF3CCI?CF2 and/or CF3CHCICF3 produced in (a) with hydrogen to produce a product including CF3CH2CHF2 and/or CF3CH2CF3; (c) dehydrofluorinating CF3CH2CHF2 and/or CF3CH2CF3 produced in (b) to produce a product comprising CF3CH?CHF and/or CF3CH?CF2; and (d) recovering CF3CH?CHF and/or CF3CH?CF2 from the product produced in (c). In (a), the CF3CCI?CF2 and CF3CHCICF3 are produced in the presence of a fluorination catalyst comprising at least one chromium-containing component selected from (i) a crystalline alpha-chromium oxide where at least 0.

Abstract: A catalyst composition is disclosed that includes chromium, oxygen, and gold as essential constituent elements. The amount of gold in the composition is from about 0.05 atom % to about 10 atom % based on the total amount of chromium and gold. Also disclosed is a process for changing the fluorine distribution (i.e., content and/or arrangement) in a hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon in the presence of the catalyst composition; and methods for preparing said catalyst composition. One preparation method involves; (a) co-precipitating a solid by adding ammonium hydroxide (aqueous ammonia) to an aqueous solution of a soluble gold salt and a soluble chromium salt that contains at least three moles of nitrate per mole of chromium in the solution and has a gold content of from about 0.

Abstract: A crystalline alpha-chromium oxide where from about 0.05 atom % to about 6 atom % of the chromium atoms in the alpha-chromium oxide lattice are replaced by trivalent cobalt (Co+3) atoms is disclosed. Also disclosed is a chromium-containing catalyst composition comprising as a chromium-containing component the crystalline cobalt-substituted alpha-chromium oxide; and a method for preparing a composition comprising the crystalline cobalt-substituted alpha-chromium oxide. The method involves (a) co-precipitating a solid by adding ammonium hydroxide to an aqueous solution of a soluble cobalt salt and a soluble trivalent chromium salt that contains at least three moles of nitrate per mole of chromium in the solution and has a cobalt concentration of from about 0.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2-chloro-1,1,1,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane is disclosed which involves (a) contacting a mixture comprising hydrogen fluoride, chlorine, and at least one starting material selected from the group consisting of halopropenes of the formula CX3CCI?CX2 and halopropanes of the formula the CX3CCIYCX3, wherein each X is independently F or Cl, and Y is H, Cl or F (provided that the number of X and Y which are F totals no more than six) with a chlorofluorination catalyst in a reaction zone to produce a product mixture comprising CF3CCIFCF3, HCI, HF. and underfluorinated halogenated hydrocarbon intermediates. The process is characterized by said chlorofluorination catalyst comprising at least one chromium-containing component selected from (i) a crystalline alpha-chromium oxide where at least 0.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of pentafluoroethane is disclosed which involves contacting a mixture comprising hydrogen fluoride and at least one starting material selected from haloethanes of the formula CX3CHX2 and haloethanes of the formula CX2?CX2, where each X is independently selected from the group consisting of F and Cl (provided that no more than four of X are F), with a fluorination catalyst in a reaction zone to produce a product mixture comprising HF, HCl, pentafluoroethane, underfluorinated halogenated hydrocarbon intermediates and less than 0.2 mole percent chloropentafluoroethane based on the total moles of halogenated hydrocarbons in the product mixture. The process is characterized by the fluorination catalyst comprising (i) a crystalline cobalt-substituted alpha-chromium oxide where from about 0.05 atom % to about 6 atom % of the chromium atoms in the alpha-chromium oxide lattice are replaced by trivalent cobalt (Co+3) and/or (ii) a fluorinated crystalline oxide of (i).