Abstract: A method and electronic shelf label, ESL, that includes a multi-stable display for displaying information and a battery for providing electrical power to the ESL, The ESL is arranged for indicating when a battery power level of the battery reaches a level insufficient for providing reliable updating of the multi-stable display. The remaining power level of a battery providing electric power to the ESL is monitored by a battery control portion for determining if the power level of the battery drops below a first preselected threshold value corresponding to a critical power level, and in response thereof the multi-stable display is updated according to a first predetermined information associated with the critical power level.

Abstract: A system and method for estimating a position of an electronic label in an area are provided. A plurality of devices is distributed over the area. Information is obtained about signal strengths recorded at the respective devices when attempting to receive a wireless signal transmitted by the electronic label. Weights are formed for positions associated with the devices, based on the signal strengths recorded at the corresponding devices. The position of the electronic label is estimated as a weighted average including the positions, wherein the positions are weighted by the weights. In some embodiments, information is instead obtained about signal strengths recorded at the electronic label when attempting to receive wireless signals transmitted by the respective devices. The present method may for example be employed to estimate a position of a product in a retail store.

Abstract: A system and method for estimating a position of an electronic label in an area are provided. A plurality of devices is distributed over the area. Information is obtained about signal strengths recorded at the respective devices when attempting to receive a wireless signal transmitted by the electronic label. Weights are formed for positions associated with the devices, based on the signal strengths recorded at the corresponding devices. The position of the electronic label is estimated as a weighted average including the positions, wherein the positions are weighted by the weights. In some embodiments, information is instead obtained about signal strengths recorded at the electronic label when attempting to receive wireless signals transmitted by the respective devices. The present method may for example be employed to estimate a position of a product in a retail store.

Abstract: An electronic shelf label that includes a casing, a display arranged in the casing, a printed circuit board, enclosed by the casing, a power source, and a thermal element arranged within the casing.

Abstract: An ESL and ESL holder combination includes a locking mechanism for releasably securing the ESL to the ESL holder and an ESL provided with at least one gripping means for cooperative engagement with the ESL holder. A protruding, spring loaded locking element is arranged on the ESL for cooperative engagement with the shelf edge rail. The ESL holder is attachable to the edge of a shelf, the ESL holder being provided with one or more receiving means such as slots for receiving the gripping means and the locking element in cooperative engagement. The spring loaded locking element arranged adjacent to the gripping means and positioned on the ESL such that the spring loaded locking element cannot enter the receiving means on the ESL holder during insertion of the gripping means into the receiving means, and such that it enters the receiving means by spring action when the gripping means is brought into a hooked position, in the receiving means.

Abstract: An ESL and ESL holder combination includes a locking mechanism for releasably securing the ESL to the ESL holder, and an ESL provided with at least one gripping means for cooperative engagement with the ESL holder. The ESL holder is attachable to an edge of a shelf, the ESL holder being provided with one or more receiving means such as for example slots for receiving the gripping means and the locking element in cooperative engagement. A spring loaded element is arranged inside the ESL such that the spring loaded element, in a latched position, secures the ESL to the ESL holder when the gripping means is brought into a hooked position in the receiving means. When displaced from its latched position, allowing the gripping means to leave its hooked position, this enables removal of the ESL from the ESL holder.

Abstract: An ESL and ESL holder combination includes a locking mechanism for releasably securing the ESL to the ESL holder, and an ESL provided with at least one gripping means for cooperative engagement with the ESL holder. The ESL holder is attachable to an edge of a shelf, the ESL holder being provided with one or more receiving means such as for example slots for receiving the gripping means and the locking element in cooperative engagement. A spring loaded element is arranged inside the ESL such that the spring loaded element, in a latched position, secures the ESL to the ESL holder when the gripping means is brought into a hooked position in the receiving means. When displaced from its latched position, allowing the gripping means to leave its hooked position, this enables removal of the ESL from the ESL holder.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for controlling a fluid flow over a sensing surface within a flow cell. The methods employ laminar flow techniques to position a fluid flow over one or more discrete sensing areas on the sensing surface of the flow cell. Such methods permit selective sensitization of the discrete sensing areas, and provide selective contact of the discrete sensing areas with a sample fluid flow. Immobilization of a ligand upon the discrete sensing area, followed by selective contact with an analyte contained within the sample fluid flow, allows analysis by a wide variety of techniques. Sensitized sensing surfaces, and sensor devices and systems are also provided.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for controlling a fluid flow over a sensing surface within a flow cell. The methods employ laminar flow techniques to position a fluid flow over one or more discrete sensing areas on the sensing surface of the flow cell. Such methods permit selective sensitization of the discrete sensing areas, and provide selective contact of the discrete sensing areas with a sample fluid flow. Immobilization of a ligand upon the discrete sensing area, followed by selective contact with an analyte contained within the sample fluid flow, allows analysis by a wide variety of techniques. Sensitized sensing surfaces, and sensor devices and systems are also provided.

Abstract: In a circuit designed to output a varying output voltage, the substrate of the semi-conductor component is connected to a regulator, in particular a switch, connected to a lower potential than the potential of the substrate of the circuit. The circuit can for example be used in a Subscriber Line Interface Circuit (SLIC).

Abstract: An arrangement in a semiconductor component includes a highly doped layer on a substrate layer and is delimited by at least one trench extending from the surface of the component through the highly doped layer. A sub-layer between the substrate layer and the highly doped layer is doped with the same type of dopant as the buried collector, but to a lower concentration. The sub-layer causes a more even distribution of the potential lines in the substrate and in a sub-collector layer, thereby eliminating areas of dense potential lines and increasing the breakdown voltage of the component, (i.e., because the breakdown voltage is lower in areas with dense potential lines).

Abstract: An improved system for simulating bipolar transistors with a variation in Early voltage as a function of collector/emitter bias voltage is disclosed. The simulation is based upon a standard Gummel-Poon model and is improved by an Early voltage extension, where the constant Early voltage is replaced by an Early voltage that is divided into several regions. The Early voltage is adjusted to fit the actual variations of the measured Early voltage characteristics of a bipolar transistor. The Early voltage within each region is used for calculating the bipolar transistors base charge which then is used to simulate the performance of the bipolar transistor. The regions may be linked together by choice of boundary conditions.

Abstract: A semiconductor includes a buried conducting layer, such as a buried collector, comprises a trench, the walls of which are covered with a layer of a material in which dopant ions diffuse faster than in monocrystalline silicon. A contact area is doped in close proximity to the trench wall. The dopants will diffuse through the layer and form a low resistance connection to the buried layer. The layer may comprise polysilicon or porous silicon, or a silicide. If the material used in the layer is not in itself conducting, the size of the component may be significantly reduced.

Abstract: A conductor 1 crossing a trench around an electrical component 1 is electrically connected to an isolated intermediate conducting region in order to move the field strength concentrations out of the electrical component and into the intermediate conducting region. This prevents avalanche breakdown occurring in the electrical component.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for controlling a fluid flow over a sensing surface within a flow cell. The methods employ laminar flow techniques to position a fluid flow over one or more discrete sensing areas on the sensing surface of the flow cell. Such methods permit selective sensitization of the discrete sensing areas, and provide selective contact of the discrete sensing areas with a sample fluid flow. Immobilization of a ligand upon the discrete sensing area, followed by selective contact with an analyte contained within the sample fluid flow, allows analysis by a wide variety of techniques. Sensitized sensing surfaces, and sensor devices and systems are also provided.