Abstract: Disclosed are an electrolyte membrane of a membrane-electrode assembly including an electronic insulation layer, which greatly improves the durability of the electrolyte membrane, and a method of preparing the same. The electrolyte membrane includes an ion exchange layer and an electronic insulation layer provided on the ion exchange layer, and the electronic insulation layer includes one or more catalyst complexes, and a second ionomer Particularly, each of the one or more catalyst complex includes a catalyst particle and a first ionomer coated on the entirety or a portion of the surface of the catalyst particle, and the one or more catalyst complexes are dispersed the second ionomer.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an image decoding method, the method including generating a candidate list including motion information derived from a spatial neighboring block and a temporal neighboring block adjacent to a current block; deriving motion information of the current block using the candidate list; generating a prediction block of the current block using the derived motion information; and updating the derived motion information in a motion information list, wherein the generating of the candidate list is performed in such a manner as to include at least one information of the motion information included in the updated motion information list in a block decoded before the current block.

Abstract: Described herein are doppel-targeting molecules (e.g., antibodies) useful for inhibiting pathological angiogenesis and treating diseases and conditions associated with pathological angiogenesis, such as tumors, cancers, atherosclerosis, tuberculosis, asthma, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), neoplasms and neoplasm-related conditions, and for detecting doppel expression in a subject. Related compositions and methods also are described.

Abstract: A compound according to an embodiment is represented by Formula 1. The compound may be used for treatment of autoimmune diseases. A composition for treatment or prevention of autoimmune diseases includes the compound and is expected to not only control inflammation but also recover immune balance as well as damaged tissues, thereby restoring bowel tissue homeostasis.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal display and a method of fabricating the liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal display comprises: a substrate; a signal electrode on the substrate; a first light-blocking pattern on the signal electrode and having a trench extending to and exposing at least part of the signal electrode; and a second light-blocking pattern on the trench of the first light-blocking pattern and covering the signal electrode, wherein the second light-blocking pattern comprises at least one metal layer.

Abstract: A flat panel display apparatus for reducing a bezel size and a method for manufacturing the same. The flat panel display apparatus includes a lower substrate having a display area and a peripheral area surrounding the display area, an upper substrate corresponding to the lower substrate, a sealing member disposed along the peripheral area of the lower substrate and bonding the lower substrate and the upper substrate, a first flexible layer disposed on a surface of the lower substrate in a direction facing the upper substrate, in the peripheral area of the lower substrate, the first flexible layer extending to an outside of the lower substrate, and a first wiring disposed between the lower substrate and the sealing member and extending to the outside of the lower substrate and along the first flexible layer.

Abstract: A display includes a plurality of pixel columns and a plurality of pixel rows including a first pair of pixel rows and a second pair of pixel rows adjacent to each other. The LCD also includes a first gate line and a second gate line positioned between the first pair of pixel rows and the second pair of pixel rows, a microcavity layer including a plurality of liquid crystal injection holes, and a common electrode positioned on the microcavity layer. The LCD also includes a supporting member positioned on a common electrode and a capping layer positioned on a supporting member to cover the liquid crystal injection holes. The plurality of liquid crystal injection holes may be positioned between the first pair of pixel rows and the second pair of pixel rows.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a thin film transistor disposed on a substrate, a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor, a lower insulating layer disposed facing the pixel electrode, a roof layer disposed on the lower insulating layer, and a microcavity formed between the pixel electrode and the lower insulating layer. The microcavity includes a liquid crystal layer including a liquid crystal material. The liquid crystal display further includes a first groove formed between a first pixel area and a second pixel area, a second groove formed between the first pixel area and a third pixel area, wherein the first groove is covered by the roof layer, the second groove is exposed at a portion where the roof layer is removed, the first pixel area corresponds to the pixel electrode, and the first pixel area is disposed between the second pixel area and the third pixel area.

Abstract: A display device includes: a substrate which includes a plurality of pixel areas disposed in a matrix configuration; a pixel electrode positioned in each of the pixel areas; a roof layer positioned on the pixel electrode and spaced apart from the pixel electrode with a microcavity therebetween; injection holes respectively positioned at two edges of the microcavity; a support positioned at one edge of the microcavity and adjacent to one of the injection holes; an alignment layer positioned on an inner surface of the microcavity; and a liquid crystal layer positioned in the microcavity. The support is disposed at each of opposite edges of two microcavities which are adjacent to each other in a column direction.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a substrate that includes a plurality of pixel areas, a display area including first and second non-pixel areas extending to cross each other, and a non-display area adjacent to the display area, a plurality of first electrodes on the substrate in the pixel areas, a plurality of second electrodes extending in a first direction and upwardly spaced apart from the substrate in the pixel areas to form first tunnel-shaped cavities, an image display area in each of the first tunnel-shaped cavities, and a plurality of dummy electrodes in first cross areas defined by an intersection of the first and second non-pixel areas adjacent to boundaries of the display area in the first direction. The dummy electrodes are upwardly spaced apart from the substrate in the first cross areas by a predetermined distance to form dummy tunnel-shaped cavities.

Abstract: A display includes a plurality of pixel columns and a plurality of pixel rows including a first pair of pixel rows and a second pair of pixel rows adjacent to each other. The LCD also includes a first gate line and a second gate line positioned between the first pair of pixel rows and the second pair of pixel rows, a microcavity layer including a plurality of liquid crystal injection holes, and a common electrode positioned on the microcavity layer. The LCD also includes a supporting member positioned on a common electrode and a capping layer positioned on a supporting member to cover the liquid crystal injection holes. The plurality of liquid crystal injection holes may be positioned between the first pair of pixel rows and the second pair of pixel rows.

Abstract: A display panel includes a substrate, a gate line, a color filter and a roof layer. The substrate includes a thin film transistor disposed thereon. The gate line extends along a first direction on the substrate and is connected to the thin film transistor. The color filter is disposed on the substrate. The roof layer is disposed on the color filter and is configured to define a tunnel-shaped cavity between the roof layer and the color filter. The tunnel-shaped cavity extends along a second direction crossing the first direction. A cross-sectional thickness of an area of the roof layer adjacent to the gate lines is smaller than a cross-sectional thickness of another area of the roof layer spaced apart from the gate lines.

Abstract: A display includes a plurality of pixel columns and a plurality of pixel rows including a first pair of pixel rows and a second pair of pixel rows adjacent to each other. The LCD also includes a first gate line and a second gate line positioned between the first pair of pixel rows and the second pair of pixel rows, a microcavity layer including a plurality of liquid crystal injection holes, and a common electrode positioned on the microcavity layer. The LCD also includes a supporting member positioned on a common electrode and a capping layer positioned on a supporting member to cover the liquid crystal injection holes. The plurality of liquid crystal injection holes may be positioned between the first pair of pixel rows and the second pair of pixel rows.

Abstract: Provided is a composite protective component which may enable a device to be stably operated by absorbing external surge such as lightning as well as shutting off an overcurrent, as a component mounted inside various power supply equipment such as mobile phones (cellular phones) or inside a charger. According to the present invention, the composite protective component may be mounted in a power input unit of the various power supply equipment, thereby stably shutting off an overcurrent and absorbing external surge.

Abstract: A display device includes: a substrate which includes a plurality of pixel areas disposed in a matrix configuration; a pixel electrode positioned in each of the pixel areas; a roof layer positioned on the pixel electrode and spaced apart from the pixel electrode with a microcavity therebetween; injection holes respectively positioned at two edges of the microcavity; a support positioned at one edge of the microcavity and adjacent to one of the injection holes; an alignment layer positioned on an inner surface of the microcavity; and a liquid crystal layer positioned in the microcavity. The support is disposed at each of opposite edges of two microcavities which are adjacent to each other in a column direction.

Abstract: A display panel includes a substrate, a gate line, a color filter and a roof layer. The substrate includes a thin film transistor disposed thereon. The gate line extends along a first direction on the substrate and is connected to the thin film transistor. The color filter is disposed on the substrate. The roof layer is disposed on the color filter and is configured to define a tunnel-shaped cavity between the roof layer and the color filter. The tunnel-shaped cavity extends along a second direction crossing the first direction. A cross-sectional thickness of an area of the roof layer adjacent to the gate lines is smaller than a cross-sectional thickness of another area of the roof layer spaced apart from the gate lines.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a substrate that includes a plurality of pixel areas, a display area including first and second non-pixel areas extending to cross each other, and a non-display area adjacent to the display area, a plurality of first electrodes on the substrate in the pixel areas, a plurality of second electrodes extending in a first direction and upwardly spaced apart from the substrate in the pixel areas to form first tunnel-shaped cavities, an image display area in each of the first tunnel-shaped cavities, and a plurality of dummy electrodes in first cross areas defined by an intersection of the first and second non-pixel areas adjacent to boundaries of the display area in the first direction. The dummy electrodes are upwardly spaced apart from the substrate in the first cross areas by a predetermined distance to form dummy tunnel-shaped cavities.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal display and a method of fabricating the liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal display comprises: a substrate; a signal electrode on the substrate; a first light-blocking pattern on the signal electrode and having a trench extending to and exposing at least part of the signal electrode; and a second light-blocking pattern on the trench of the first light-blocking pattern and covering the signal electrode, wherein the second light-blocking pattern comprises at least one metal layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a substrate, a thin film transistor disposed on the substrate, a pixel electrode disposed on the thin film transistor, a roof layer facing the pixel electrode, and at least one partition wall disposed along an edge of the substrate, in which a plurality of microcavities is formed between the pixel electrode and the roof layer, and the plurality of microcavities includes a liquid crystal material.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a thin film transistor disposed on a substrate, a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor, a lower insulating layer disposed facing the pixel electrode, a roof layer disposed on the lower insulating layer, and a microcavity formed between the pixel electrode and the lower insulating layer. The microcavity includes a liquid crystal layer including a liquid crystal material. The liquid crystal display further includes a first groove formed between a first pixel area and a second pixel area, a second groove formed between the first pixel area and a third pixel area, wherein the first groove is covered by the roof layer, the second groove is exposed at a portion where the roof layer is removed, the first pixel area corresponds to the pixel electrode, and the first pixel area is disposed between the second pixel area and the third pixel area.