Abstract: The present invention discloses an encoding apparatus using a Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) scanning, which includes a mode selection means for selecting an optimal mode for intra prediction; an intra prediction means for performing intra prediction onto video inputted based on the mode selected in the mode selection means; a DCT and quantization means for performing DCT and quantization onto residual coefficients of a block outputted from the intra prediction means; and an entropy encoding means for performing entropy encoding onto DCT coefficients acquired from the DCT and quantization by using a scanning mode decided based on pixel similarity of the residual coefficients.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding and decoding technique, and more particularly, to an image encoder and decoder using unidirectional prediction. The image encoder includes a dividing unit to divide a macro block into a plurality of sub-blocks, a unidirectional application determining unit to determine whether an identical prediction mode is applied to each of the plurality of sub-blocks, and a prediction mode determining unit to determine a prediction mode with respect to each of the plurality of sub-blocks based on a determined result of the unidirectional application determining unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing flow noise of an air intake system of a vehicle is provided as an assembly of a body member and a cover member. An acoustic metamaterial unit includes a chamber having a predetermined size, an inlet flow path, and an outlet flow path provided therein and is connected to a pipe of an air intake system. The apparatus advantageously reduces or removes high-frequency flow noise occurring in a turbocharger by using the acoustic metamaterial unit. The size and shape of the acoustic metamaterial unit is standardized such that the acoustic metamaterial unit is used compatibly regardless of the type of vehicles, which can make it possible to advantageously reduce costs and improve salability.

Abstract: A foreign substance detection system is disclosed to detect whether foreign substances are attached to an environmental sensor of a vehicle. The foreign substance detection system includes a detection loop through which current selectively flows. In particular, the detection loop includes a controller configured to operatively control a sensor cleaning system configured to clean an environmental sensor of a vehicle, and a power supply unit configured to continuously supply electric power to the controller. The environmental sensor includes a detection device configured to open or close the detection loop on the basis of whether a fluid or a foreign substance is attached.

Abstract: An embodiment variable valve device of a vehicle intake system includes a variable valve housing fixed to a housing of an air cleaner and including a valve passage penetrating the air cleaner, a variable valve flap rotatably coupled to the variable valve housing and configured to perform opening and closing operations based on an intake negative pressure of an engine to open and close the valve passage, and a cam protrusion and a leaf spring provided on the variable valve flap and the variable valve housing, respectively, wherein the cam protrusion and the leaf spring are in contact with each other.

Abstract: An embodiment variable valve device of a vehicle intake system includes a variable valve housing fixed to a housing of an air cleaner and including a valve passage penetrating the air cleaner, a variable valve flap rotatably coupled to the variable valve housing and configured to perform opening and closing operations based on an intake negative pressure of an engine to open and close the valve passage, and a cam protrusion and a leaf spring provided on the variable valve flap and the variable valve housing, respectively, wherein the cam protrusion and the leaf spring are in contact with each other.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing flow noise of an air intake system of a vehicle is provided as an assembly of a body member and a cover member. An acoustic metamaterial unit includes a chamber having a predetermined size, an inlet flow path, and an outlet flow path provided therein and is connected to a pipe of an air intake system. The apparatus advantageously reduces or removes high-frequency flow noise occurring in a turbocharger by using the acoustic metamaterial unit. The size and shape of the acoustic metamaterial unit is standardized such that the acoustic metamaterial unit is used compatibly regardless of the type of vehicles, which can make it possible to advantageously reduce costs and improve salability.

Abstract: An apparatus of amplifying sound waves may include a metamaterial structure having a metamaterial inside thereof, an inlet through which air flows into the metamaterial structure, and a penetration portion formed to penetrate a portion of one side of the metamaterial structure, a membrane member coupled to the penetration portion, and a resonance member surrounding the membrane member and coupled to the metamaterial structure and including a space inside thereof and a discharge port fluidically communicating with an outside thereof and the internal space.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing an absorbable haemostatic composition for the body and the haemostatic composition prepared thereby, and the present disclosure is for providing a method for preparing an absorbable haemostatic composition for the body and the haemostatic composition prepared thereby, wherein the haemostatic composition can be used directly on the wound site when bleeding occurs in the surgical area such as surgical operation, trauma, etc. so that hemostasis can be effectively performed, the haemostatic composition can perform wound sealing, tissue repairing promotion, wound surface tissue protection, infection prevention, etc., the haemostatic composition is contained in haemostatic products such as gauze (cotton yarn), sponge, etc. to accelerate the hemostasis speed of the bleeding site and enable rapid hemostasis to be able to shorten the hemostasis time at the same time.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing an absorbable haemostatic composition for the body and the haemostatic composition prepared thereby, and the present disclosure is for providing a method for preparing an absorbable haemostatic composition for the body and the haemostatic composition prepared thereby, wherein the haemostatic composition can be used directly on the wound site when bleeding occurs in the surgical area such as surgical operation, trauma, etc. so that hemostasis can be effectively performed, the haemostatic composition can perform wound sealing, tissue repairing promotion, wound surface tissue protection, infection prevention, etc., the haemostatic composition is contained in haemostatic products such as gauze (cotton yarn), sponge, etc. to accelerate the hemostasis speed of the bleeding site and enable rapid hemostasis to be able to shorten the hemostasis time at the same time.

Abstract: A variable intake system for a vehicle is provided and includes an air cleaner that filters air via a filter and supplies the air to an engine. A main duct is connected to the air cleaner to supply the air, and a variable valve has a housing that is coupled and mounted to a mounting aperture of a mounting part disposed on a front end of the filter of the air cleaner. An internal passage of the housing is opened by suction pressure of the engine in the mounting part to suction external air. A projection formed on the housing of the variable valve is inserted into a projection seat formed in the mounting part, so that the variable valve is secured to the mounting part.

Abstract: An apparatus of amplifying sound waves may include a metamaterial structure having a metamaterial inside thereof, an inlet through which air flows into the metamaterial structure, and a penetration portion formed to penetrate a portion of one side of the metamaterial structure, a membrane member coupled to the penetration portion, and a resonance member surrounding the membrane member and coupled to the metamaterial structure and including a space inside thereof and a discharge port fluidically communicating with an outside thereof and the internal space.

Abstract: A variable intake system for a vehicle is provided and includes an air cleaner that filters air via a filter and supplies the air to an engine. A main duct is connected to the air cleaner to supply the air, and a variable valve has a housing that is coupled and mounted to a mounting aperture of a mounting part disposed on a front end of the filter of the air cleaner. An internal passage of the housing is opened by suction pressure of the engine in the mounting part to suction external air. A projection formed on the housing of the variable valve is inserted into a projection seat formed in the mounting part, so that the variable valve is secured to the mounting part.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a cervical spine fixation apparatus comprising: a body; a spacer; and a frame which is positioned on the lateral side of the spacer and couples with the spacer, wherein the frame has a coupling part for coupling with the body, and the body comprises a hole in which the coupling part of the frame is inserted. Or, the disclosure relates to a cervical spine fixation apparatus comprising: a body; and a spacer having a coupling part, wherein the body comprises a hole in which the coupling part is inserted, and the spacer moves with respect to the body.

Abstract: A filter cover structure of a drawer-type air cleaner is provided. The structure includes a main body in which an air filter reception part is formed and a filter cover provided to open or close the air filter reception part. The filter cover includes a lever configured to be locked to or released from a filter cover fastening part of the air filter reception part by rotating the lever around a rotating shaft.

Abstract: A hose clamp may include a body portion having an annular shape which is open at one portion and surrounding an external surface of a hose and an external surface of an object to be fastened, a stationary portion coupled to an external surface of one end portion of the body portion, a movable portion coupled to an external surface of an opposite end portion of the body portion, and a fastening portion coupled to the stationary portion to be movable along axial directions of the body portion. The fastening portion moves along one of the axial directions of the body portion and presses the movable portion in a first circumferential direction of the body portion such that the one end portion and the opposite end portion of the body portion move toward each other and the body portion inwardly presses and fastens the hose and the object.

Abstract: Disclosed are a cervical vertebra fixation device using a plurality of screws characterized by comprising: a body having a length extending across at least two bones and including a first end and a second end opposite to the first end; and three or more openings formed in the body for receiving the plurality of screws, wherein the first end has a profile with at least a portion of the body being removed with respect to the horizontal line perpendicular to the length direction to prevent adjacent segment degeneration, and a cervical vertebra fixation device using at least one screw, comprising: a body fixed into a bone; at least one opening formed in the body for receiving the at least one screw; a cover for preventing any escape of the screws inserted; and a cover screw, wherein the cover is movable with respect to the body to allow the insertion of screws while the cover is coupled to the body.

Abstract: A hose clamp may include a body portion having an annular shape which is open at one portion and surrounding an external surface of a hose and an external surface of an object to be fastened, a stationary portion coupled to an external surface of one end portion of the body portion, a movable portion coupled to an external surface of an opposite end portion of the body portion, and a fastening portion coupled to the stationary portion to be movable along axial directions of the body portion. The fastening portion moves along one of the axial directions of the body portion and presses the movable portion in a first circumferential direction of the body portion such that the one end portion and the opposite end portion of the body portion move toward each other and the body portion inwardly presses and fastens the hose and the object.

Abstract: A filter cover structure of a drawer-type air cleaner is provided. The structure includes a main body in which an air filter reception part is formed and a filter cover provided to open or close the air filter reception part. The filter cover includes a lever configured to be locked to or released from a filter cover fastening part of the air filter reception part by rotating the lever around a rotating shaft.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a cervical spine fixation apparatus comprising: a body; a spacer; and a frame which is positioned on the lateral side of the spacer and couples with the spacer, wherein the frame has a coupling part for coupling with the body, and the body comprises a hole in which the coupling part of the frame is inserted. Or, the disclosure relates to a cervical spine fixation apparatus comprising: a body; and a spacer having a coupling part, wherein the body comprises a hole in which the coupling part is inserted, and the spacer moves with respect to the body.