Abstract: The present invention relates to a biomarker panel for determining a molecular subtype of cancer and a method of predicting prognosis of cancer using the panel. The biomarker panel identifies molecular subtypes of tumors by selecting and analyzing only information on tumor cells from single-cell transcriptome data derived from patients with early lung cancer, thereby allowing prediction of the prognosis of lung cancer and prediction of the response to anti-cancer agents. Therefore, the biomarker panel may be used for selecting a treatment regimen.